KSHP. OMD №4-2023 el.dop

P. V. Makov (Dubna State University, Protvino Branch, Protvino)

Electric vehicle as an object of development of an intelligent transport system

The relationship between the development of electric vehicles and the intelligent transport system is being determined. The comparison of an electric car with a car using an internal combustion engine is given. An analysis of the shortcomings of electric vehicles and related infrastructure is being carried out. Using the methods of comparison and generalization, the rationale for the need to design electric vehicles taking into account the development of unmanned vehicles is given.
Keywords: electric vehicle; charging stations; charging time; power reserve; battery; unmanned transport; intelligent transport system.

 

O. G. Kokoreva (Moscow Aviation Institute (NRU) MAI, Moscow)

Mathematical model of parameters of interaction of the indenter with the hardened surface of machine parts

The results of the study of the interaction of the indenter and the hardened surface of heavily loaded machine parts are presented. A mathematical model of a fundamentally applied problem has been developed, taking into account the stress-strain state of the hardened surface. A theoretical calculation of the parameters of the contact interaction of the tool and the hardened surface of machine parts is proposed. It allows you to adjust the set parameters taking into account the operating conditions, improving the quality characteristics of the hardened surface.
Keywords: the hardened surface of machine parts; indenter; contact interaction; stress-strain state; surface layer quality characteristics; elastic-deformable plane; hardening depth; operating conditions.

 

F. Z. Finker (LLC «POLYTECHENERGO», Saint Petersburg)

A new view on coal combustion (on the 30th anniversary of the foundation of the scientific and production enterprise LLC «POLYTECHENERGO»)

Relying on his accumulated experience in modernizing domestic and foreign boiler and furnace equipment of coal-fired thermal power plants in terms of ensuring efficient fly ash collection, the author brings up the issue of the increased carry-over of fine solid particles, continuously deposited on the surface of the Earth, affecting the loss of "whiteness" (albedo) of the planet and resulting in global warming and climatic changes. It is noted that a disparity exists between the absorption capacity of solar radiation by the Earth's solid particles and the supposed accumulation of CO2 and H2O gases in the atmosphere. A project to restore the natural "purity" of the planet is proposed, employing ground-based technological means to reduce coal-fired thermal power plants' carry-over.
Keywords: carry-over; smog; decarbonization; coal; technology; ocean level; albedo; thermal power station.

 

R. G. Vildanov, R. A. Medved, D. A. Zabolotny, E. S. Torgashov, D. S. Trofimov, E. P. Sergeev (Institute of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry (Branch in the City of Salavat), Salavat)

Investigation of electrical equipment of the main step-down substation to limit switching overvoltages and ensure the quality of electricity

To ensure uninterrupted power supply of technological processes, power supply systems must have increased reliability and flexibility, and provide the necessary indicators of electricity quality. The paper develops a model of the main step-down substation. The influence of shock loads on quiet ones in networks with transformers with split windings and double-winding transformers is investigated. It was found that the impact of shock loads on quiet ones in a transformer with split windings is 30,1 % less than in two-winding transformers. To limit switching overvoltages, the Surge Arrester element was used in the simulation, which is designed to protect power equipment from overvoltage. Modeling with a switching overvoltage limiter shows an effective reduction of overvoltage using an overvoltage limiter.
Keywords: simulation; main step-down substation; surge limiter; power quality.

 

A. S. Hismatullin, R. R. Yulbarisova, S. S. Faizov, A. A. Sabiryanova (Institute of Oil Refining and Petrochemistry (Branch in the City of Salavat), Salavat)

Aspects of the operation of transformers of the main step-down substation with the development of a rational power supply unit

Transformers of the main step-down substation are key elements of the electric power system and are important for ensuring efficient operation of the power supply. This article discusses aspects of the operation of transformers of the main step-down substation in order to develop a rational power supply unit. Transformers of the main step-down substation provide voltage reduction of high-voltage electrical energy to the voltage required for the transmission of electricity to consumers. However, during the operation of transformers, certain problems arise that affect the efficiency of the electric power system. One of the problems is the loss of electrical energy during transmission through transformers. To solve this problem, it is necessary to constantly monitor the operation of transformers, as well as use transformers with high efficiency. Another problem is voltage regulation on the low voltage side. To solve this problem, automatic voltage regulators are used, which monitor and maintain the optimal voltage on the low voltage side. There is also a problem of overload of transformers, which can lead to their failure. To prevent this, load monitoring and control systems are used, as well as backup transformers that can take over part of the load when the main transformer fails.
Keywords: transformers; main step-down substation; electric power system; power supply; rational node.

 

A. V. Epishkina, A. V. Bryantsev (National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow)

Control and restoration of data integrity using neural network technologies

Monitoring and restoring data integrity is an important task in modern information technologies, especially when working with large amounts of data. Neural network technologies can be used to effectively solve this problem. Neural networks are mathematical models that can be used for data analysis and processing. They can be trained based on a large number of data samples, which allows them to identify patterns and make predictions based on this data. Various methods can be used to control data integrity, such as hashing and checksums. However, these methods may not be reliable enough in the event that data may be corrupted as a result of errors in transmission or storage. In such cases, neural networks can be used to detect and recover corrupted data. For example, you can train a neural network based on a set of whole data and use it to predict the values of missing or corrupted data. You can also use neural networks to detect anomalies in the data, which helps to identify damaged areas.
Keywords: neural networks; data integrity monitoring; recovery of corrupted data; data anomalies; medicine; finance; industry.

 

D. G. Korovyakovskiy (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The model of cryptographic protection of the network when using distributed arrays of Big Data in the customs authorities of Russia

In the context of the growing volume of information used in the customs authorities of Russia, it is important to ensure its protection from unauthorized access. At the same time, the use of distributed Big Data arrays for data processing increases the requirements for cryptographic protection of the network. Currently, distributed arrays of Big Data are used in the customs authorities of Russia for processing and analyzing large amounts of data. However, when using such arrays, there is a problem of cryptographic protection of the network, which should ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the transmitted data. This article presents a model of cryptographic network protection when using distributed arrays of Big Data in the customs authorities of Russia. In the modern world, cryptographic protection is an important component of protecting information from unauthorized access. In the customs authorities of Russia, the volume of information used for processing is growing every day. The practical significance of the study is determined by the structure of a distributed type network and the formation of a model for using Big Data in socio-economic development tasks. This will make it possible in the long term to ensure the formation of a model of civil society and reduce losses of both a financial and reputational nature.
Keywords: Big Data; network; cryptography; security; distributed computing; customs authorities of Russia.

 

A. E. Popov (Orenburg Institute of Railways – branch of Samara State University of Railways, Orenburg)

Economic model of the use of railway rolling stock in industrial enterprises

In the conditions of the modern economy, the rolling stock of railway transport is an important means of delivering goods to industrial enterprises. However, the issue of the use of rolling stock at enterprises is not properly considered in the literature and in practice. To optimize the use of railway rolling stock in industrial enterprises, it is necessary to develop an economic model. To develop an economic model for the use of rolling stock in industrial enterprises, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors, including the cost of renting rolling stock, the cost of fuel, the cost of cargo transportation and the time of cargo delivery. The model must take into account the specifics of the goods and the nature of their transportation. For example, specialized equipment is needed for the transportation of bulk cargo, and a sufficiently large platform is needed for the transportation of bulky cargo.
Keywords: rolling stock; railway transport; industrial enterprises; economic model.

 

N. A. Zavalko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Industrial policy: theory and practice

In the article the author conducts a comparative analysis of the models for the implementation of industrial policy (a model focused on supporting exports, a model of import substitution, a model focused on supporting and developing innovations) highlighting their positive and negative sides and concludes that in the current situation of unprecedented sanctions pressure, an integrated application of models both at the regional and sectoral levels. The author comes to the conclusion that the timely development of import substitution programs made it possible in the current sanctions situation to create a backlog of domestic production of imported analogues, in turn, the implementation of national projects in the field of export support, allowed the state to reorient exports from the west to the east, as well as state support for innovative production systems formed a strategic reserve aimed at developing technological potential. The author presents scientific directions for evaluating the effectiveness of the implementation of industrial policy and defines its key parameters. Scientific approaches (systemic, cluster, program-project, etc.) are analyzed, which allow a comprehensive approach to the issues of the effectiveness of the development and implementation of industrial policy. The directions of the country's industrial policy for the coming years have been determined. The measures of state support provided by the Industrial Development Fund in 2022 were considered, the volumes of program support for the development of industries, carried out jointly with regional industrial development funds, were determined.
Keywords: industrial policy; models of industrial policy implementation; model focused on export support; import substitution model; model focused on support and development of innovations; criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of industrial policy implementation; system approach; cluster approach; program-project approach; state measures support.

 

K. V. Kharchenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The role of regional development corporations in the system of state support for industry

The article is devoted to rethinking the role of territorial development agencies (corporations) in modern socio-economic and foreign policy conditions, when the task is to direct investments, first of all, not to localize foreign production, but to support domestic industry. The aim of the study is to develop and test criteria for analyzing the activities of the development corporations for their compliance with the priorities of state support for industry. As such criteria there proposed, in particular, the placement on the official websites of relevant regulatory legal acts and departmental reporting; placement of information on measures to support industry among measures to support investors; reflection of the industrial capacity of the region and possible locations for future industrial enterprises on the maps of investment sites; ensuring the possibility of participation of various entities in planned investment projects; availability of information on staffing and the labor market. Based on the conducted research, it is proposed to develop and approve a quality standard for reflecting industrial policy on the investment portal of the subject of the Russian Federation. The conclusion is made about the relationship of the new format of investment policy focused on industry with the task of ensuring import independence and technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation.
Keywords: industry; development agencies (corporations); industrial policy; state support; capital investment activity.

 

Yu. G. Dunaeva, G. A. Menshikov (Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg)

The importance of public industrial capital in the structure of the development of international relations and the achievement of sustainable Development Goals

In the modern world, industrial capital plays an important role in the economic and social development of countries. Public industrial capital, which is one of the key elements of the economic system, can make a significant contribution to the development of international relations and the achievement of sustainable development goals. Public industrial capital is a set of funds that belong to the state or society as a whole and are used for the development of the economy and social programs. In modern conditions, the use of public industrial capital is one of the main instruments of state policy in the field of economic development and achievement of sustainable development goals. One of the important tasks of public industrial capital is the development of infrastructure and production base, which are the basis for the development of the country's economy. The use of public industrial capital makes it possible to implement projects in various sectors of the economy, such as energy, transport, mechanical engineering and others. The Sustainable Development Goals are a multidimensional program developed by the United Nations to ensure sustainable development on the planet. It includes 17 goals to be achieved by 2030. The Sustainable Development Goals include areas such as poverty eradication, combating climate change, providing quality education and health care, and others. In this context, the Sustainable Development Goals are the key tasks that must be solved to ensure the sustainable development of humanity as a whole. In this text it is considered three Sustainable Development Goals: «Elimination of extreme poverty», «Health and well-being» and «Quality of education». We will analyze the data related to these goals and consider specific examples by country. This information will help us better understand how successfully the countries of the world are coping with these challenges and what else needs to be done to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: public industrial capital; international relations; sustainable development; Russia.

 

G. Yu. Klimov, I. S. Meshcheryakov (Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen)

Design features of the occupational safety and health structure at an industrial enterprise based on the use of a medical information system

Occupational safety in industrial enterprises is an important task that needs to be solved with the help of various measures and technologies. One of the approaches is the use of a medical information system in the design of the security structure at the enterprise. This approach makes it possible to automate the processes of collecting, storing and analyzing medical data about employees, which can improve the efficiency and quality of measures to protect the health and safety of workers. In modern conditions, occupational safety at industrial enterprises remains one of the most important tasks. To solve it, various tools are used, including medical information systems (MIS), which make it possible to improve the efficiency and quality of the design of the security structure at the enterprise. A feature of designing a security structure at an enterprise based on the use of MIS is the use of information technologies and databases on the health status of employees. Medical data allows you to analyze risks and determine measures to reduce them, as well as to determine a personal approach to the health of each employee.
Keywords: occupational safety; medical information system; safety structure design; industrial enterprise; medical data.

 

K. K. Bokenchin, L. K. Bokenchina, A. S. Doshan, A. E. Oryntayeva (Kazakh University of Technology and Business, Astana, Kazakhstan)

Economic aspects of the creation of urban complexes based on the renovation of industrial enterprises

Industrial enterprises are an important component of the economic life of cities, but over time many of them have become outdated and do not meet modern production requirements. One of the ways to solve this problem is the renovation of industrial enterprises and their transformation into urban complexes that can become centers for the development of urban infrastructure and economy. Renovation of industrial enterprises in order to create urban complexes is an urgent topic in modern urban planning practice. This topic has broad economic, social and environmental aspects and requires comprehensive research. In this article are considered the economic aspects of creating urban complexes based on the renovation of industrial enterprises. It is draw attention to the main advantages and challenges of this approach, as well as to the key elements of the project development strategy.
Keywords: renovation; industrial enterprises; urban complexes; economy; infrastructure; investors; ecology.

 

O. V. Panina (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Analysis of industrial management in the 90s: conversion

The model of industrial management in Russia in the 90s of the XX century is studied. The author substantiates the thesis that in difficult economic conditions, the search for a new model and tools for managing industry at the state level led to the need for a combination of market and planned management and regulation tools that did not have the expected effect. At the same time, it is clarified that in the conditions of economic and systemic crisis, there is a need to revise management tools, but also the functions of public authorities. According to the author, this made it possible to further define and test a more stable model of management of domestic industry.
Keywords: industry; conversion; privatization; industrial complex; industrial policy; defense industry; defense order