A. U. Shingisov, R. S. Alibekov, S. U. Yerkebaeva, E. A. Gabrilyants (M. Auezov’ South-Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan)

Qualitative characteristics and use of dry raspberry and grape powders as environmentally friendly lubricants in industry

In the modern world, concern for the environment and the search for alternative solutions for traditional industrial processes are playing an increasingly important role. It is known that fresh fruits have a number of useful properties, however, due to their high moisture content, they quickly deteriorate. As a result of research, it was found that dry raspberry and grape powders can be used as a basis for environmentally friendly lubricants. In this paper, the possibility of using these powders as a base for lubricants was studied. Mixtures of raspberry and grape powders in the ratio of 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30 were used for the preparation of lubricants. The physico-chemical parameters of the lubricants obtained have shown high efficiency of their use. In particular, the composition, consisting of 50% raspberries and 50 % grapes, showed the best characteristics in terms of stability and lubricating properties. The mineral composition of the obtained lubricants was also studied, where the content of elements such as sodium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium and iron was found. These elements have a positive effect on the tribological properties of lubricants, improving their anti-wear and lubricating properties. This approach opens up new prospects in the use of natural materials in industry, reducing the negative impact on the environment and improving the technical characteristics of equipment.
Keywords: dry powder; raspberries; grapes; jelly; mineral composition.

A. U. Shingisov, U. U. Tastemirova, E. A. Gabrilyants (M. Auezov’ South-Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan); E. U. Maylybaeva (Taraz Regional University named after M. Kh. Dulaty, Taraz, Kazakhstan)

Application of mineral components of fruits in industrial lubricants

The industry is actively exploring alternative natural sources of antioxidants and minerals to improve the properties of lubricants. One of these sources are fruits, especially apples and pears, which have a high content of useful minerals. The aim of the study is to determine the mineral composition of powders from mixtures of apples and pears and to assess the possibility of their use as additives to lubricants. For this purpose, samples of powders from apples and pears are prepared in the ratio of 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30, respectively. The study shows that the addition of such powders to lubricants can lead to an improvement in their antioxidant properties and a decrease in the coefficient of friction, which in turn can increase the efficiency of the equipment and extend its service life. In particular, the best results are obtained with the addition of a powder consisting of 50% apples and 50% pears. Thus, fruits such as apples and pears represent a promising source of antioxidants and minerals for industrial lubricants. Further research in this direction may lead to the creation of new, more efficient and environmentally friendly lubricants.
Keywords: lubricant; component; minerals; application; fruits.

G. M. Tretiakov, A. B. Fokeev (Samara State Transport University, Samara)

Optimization of cargo transshipment processes in railway transport: application of mathematical models and algorithms

A review and analysis of various optimization models used to solve the problems of transshipment of goods in railway transport has been carried out, and some original ideas and approaches have been presented. This includes models based on multiobjective optimization, mixed integer linear programming, queuing theory, network programming, genetic algorithms, game theory and stochastic modeling. Each of these models is explored and analyzed in the context of their applicability to the optimization of transshipment processes. Their strengths and weaknesses are identified, as well as potential directions for further research.
Keywords: optimization; cargo handling; railway transport; mathematical models; algorithms.

I. V. Deryabin (Togliatti State University, Togliatti)

Noise-absorbing panel with bypass channels

Noise, having a harmful effect on humans and the environment, forces us to search and conduct research on the development of new methods and means of noise protection. Currently, with an increasing increase in the flow of vehicles in residential areas, with the development of industrial production, the issue of noise control is becoming particularly relevant. A well-known and effective technical solution for blocking the transmission of acoustic energy is the use of noise-absorbing panels, both as part of various soundproof structures, and in the form of separate acoustic elements installed in noisy rooms. The article discusses the design of a noise-absorbing panel containing through bypass channels. Such a panel has a broadband sound absorption effect in frequency composition due to the use of porous sound-absorbing structures of structural materials with the integration of bypass channels into their composition.
Keywords: noise; sound absorption; sound spectrum; sound absorbing panel; bypass channel; diffraction; dissipation.

Yu. N. Shedko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Digital transformations in the formation and implementation of industrial policy in the system of state and municipal government in Russia based on the capabilities of artificial intelligence

The possibilities of using artificial intelligence in various areas of public administration and the economy have been established. The comparative characteristic of weak and strong intellects is carried out. The structure of the risk management system in the formation and implementation of industrial policy based on digital traceability is proposed and justified. It is concluded that it is necessary to use "end-to-end technologies" that will allow supplementing the system of working with big data and artificial intelligence with elements-mechanisms for working with virtual reality, the Internet of things, and the distribution of things.
Keywords: digital transformation; digital economy; industrial policy; public administration; big data; social indicators; artificial intelligence; end-to-end technologies.

D. G. Korovyakovskiy, L. V. Progunova (Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow)

Analysis of the digitalization process to improve the efficiency of the energy sector of the BRICS countries

In the modern world, digitalization is becoming more and more relevant and important for all sectors of the economy. In this context, the energy sector is no exception. Thanks to the development of technologies, it is possible to create more flexible and efficient systems for managing the processes of extraction, processing and distribution of energy resources.  This article explores the issues of digitalization in the context of improving the efficiency of the energy sector of the BRICS countries - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. To begin with, it is important to emphasize that the process of digitalization is not universal: it is individual and depends on the level of development of the country, the availability of the necessary infrastructure, the level of education of the population and other factors. Digital technologies and their impact on the energy sector are considered on the example of the leading energy companies of these countries: Petrobras (Brazil), Gazprom (Russia), Indian Oil Corporation (India), Sinopec (China) and Eskom (South Africa).
Keywords: energy; digitalization; efficiency; network companies; efficiency.

I. A. Kvasov (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

New multi-factorial approaches to assessing corruption

The article is debatable. The state of corruption is considered, methods of combating are analyzed. An interdisciplinary approach is proposed that implements the theoretical socio-economic constructions of the sphere of permissible corruption and the implementation of these constructions by the methods of mathematical modeling. A new concept of «acceptable level of corruption» is introduced and a scheme for its justification is proposed.
Keywords: сorruption; multivariate analysis; socio-economic situation; mathematical methods; correlation analysis; information and communication technologies

S. V. Nizamutdinova (Moscow City University, Moscow)

The role of state support in the development of creative clusters and their impact on the economy of the Moscow region

In recent years, creative clusters have become one of the key factors in the development of the economy of cities and regions around the world. Creative clusters are a grouping of companies working in the field of culture, art, design, media, entertainment and other related fields. They can contribute to the creation of new jobs, attract investment, develop innovative technologies and products, as well as strengthen the economy of the region as a whole. The Moscow region is also no exception and has been actively developing creative clusters in recent years. State support for these clusters is an important step in the development of the region's economy. However, despite all the advantages, state support for creative clusters may also have some limitations and problems that need to be taken into account when developing support programs. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of state support in the development of creative clusters in the Moscow region and assess their impact on the region's economy. The article will consider several aspects, including the effectiveness of state support, the success factors of creative clusters and the problems they may face.
Keywords: creative clusters; state support; economic development; Moscow region.

Yu. S. Korotkikh, D. S. Litarenko, L. A. Nilova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The fiscal role of indirect taxes in Russia at the present stage of the economy

The Russian tax system is considered to be a system based on the predominance of indirect taxation, which determines the relevance of the topic of the fiscal role of indirect taxes. The article examines the role and importance of indirect taxes in the budget revenues of the Russian Federation, presents the values of indirect taxes (value added tax and excise taxes) in the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation, and analyzes the indicators for the actual execution of federal budget revenues of the Russian Federation in 2018-2022, the results of which indicate a decrease in non-oil and gas revenues by the end of 2022 years that have reached the level of 2018. Nevertheless, the authors noted that in the structure of non-oil and gas revenues during 2018-2022, the main share is made up of turnover taxes and fees, such as value added tax, excise taxes and import duties, which in turn confirms the high fiscal role of indirect taxes.
Keywords: indirect taxes; value added tax; excise taxes; state; budget.

A. Yu. Klonitskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Analysis of changes in the social insurance and pension system

Historically, the system of social insurance and protection of the population has undergone many changes. In 2023, the Pension and Social Insurance Funds were merged. Also, since 2023, a new procedure for paying tax payments has been introduced using a single tax account and a single tax payment. The founders of the Unified Social Fund of Russia position these changes as tools that reduce the administrative burden of employers, facilitate the interaction of the population on issues of receiving social benefits and increase the social security of employees. The advantages and disadvantages of the ongoing reforms, as well as the difficulties that both employers, individual entrepreneurs and regulatory authorities had to face, are discussed in the article.
Keywords: social insurance; pension provision; unified Social Fund of Russia; benefits; insurance premiums; insurance premium rates; state payments; insured persons; tax administration.

S. A. Zudenkova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Methods for identifying situations that fall under the concept of conflict of interest in the state and municipal service

Prevention and settlement of conflicts of interest in the state and municipal service is one of the most effective ways to combat corruption. In the course of the study, the features that determine the process of identifying situations falling under the concept of conflict of interest, and the methods used for this, are highlighted. To solve the problem of choosing the most effective methods for identifying situations falling under the concept of a conflict of interest, it is proposed to use such a feature as awareness.
Keywords: conflict of interest; state (municipal) service; methods of identifying situations; state (municipal) employee.

K. D. Vitalieva, I. I. Gilmutdinova, M. M. Orlova, A. V. Nikitina (Sechenov University, Moscow)

The role of occupational medicine in improving working conditions in industrial enterprises: analysis of the effectiveness of the events

Industrial enterprises have an important social responsibility to preserve and improve the health of their employees, while occupational medicine plays a leading role in the implementation of these tasks. In the context of increasing labor productivity and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases among industrial workers, the role of the medical department in a manufacturing enterprise becomes even more relevant. Participants are assessed for their cardiac status at different stages - two weeks, one month and three months after the start of the cardio program. The results show a significant improvement in cardiovascular performance in study participants, which in turn leads to improved working conditions and increased job satisfaction. The importance of the medical department in a manufacturing enterprise is emphasized, as well as the effectiveness of implementing cardio programs within such a department to improve the health and productivity of workers. This indicates directions for further research and practical application of occupational medicine in industrial enterprises.
Keywords: occupational medicine; working conditions; industrial enterprises; cardiovascular diseases; preventive measures.

F. B. Kazanchi, I. I. Paranuk, A. V. Zhuravleva, S. N. Koshegu, V. A. Istyagina (Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar)

The influence of factors of the labor process in an industrial enterprise

Modern medicine continues to increase complexity and dynamism, while having an increasing impact on the professional activities of doctors. In particular, this applies to the work of obstetricians and gynecologists who face a number of specific labor factors affecting their practice. The study of these factors is a significant scientific task that allows optimizing the working conditions of doctors and improving the efficiency of medical care. The study of the problem includes consideration of such aspects as workload, emotional stress, interaction with patients and colleagues, the risk of occupational diseases, as well as the impact of these factors on the quality of medical care and satisfaction with the work of doctors. Among the sources used in this study are statistical data, the results of sociological surveys and scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals. The results of this work can be used in the development of measures to improve the working conditions of medical workers and improve the efficiency of medical care.
Keywords: labor factors; obstetrician-gynecologist; occupational stress; patient-orientation; job satisfaction.