KSHP. OMD №7-2023 el.dop

A. U. Shingisov, R. S. Alibekov, S. U. Yerkebaeva, U. U. Tastemirova (M. Auezov’ South-Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan); E. U. Maylybaeva (Taraz Regional University named after M. Kh. Dulaty, Taraz, Kazakhstan)

Investigation of the moisture diffusion coefficient during the drying of grapes and cherries for further use as antioxidants in lubricating fluids of machine equipment

This paper presents a method for measuring the moisture diffusion coefficient during vacuum drying of cherries and grapes, focused on the further use of these products in antioxidants for lubricating fluids of machine equipment. It is noted that the drying process of the product affects its thermodynamic characteristics, especially the activity of water, and forms hydrodynamic resistance in the dried layer, which is taken into account in the coefficient of resistance to evaporation. During the experiment it is revealed that changes in water activity during drying of various varieties of cherries and grapes have a non-linear character: at the initial stage of drying, water activity decreases monotonously, but after reaching critical humidity, the rate of this decrease drops significantly. The study of the coefficient of resistance to evaporation showed its gradual increase to critical humidity, after which there is a sharp increase. As a result by the end of the drying process its value increases by two or more times. The above technique has been successfully used to determine the moisture diffusion coefficient during vacuum drying of cherries and grapes with subsequent use in antioxidants. The deviations between the calculated and experimental data are due to the assumption of the constancy of some physical quantities included in the equation for calculating the moisture diffusion coefficient. The results of the study are extremely useful for the development and optimization of methods for obtaining dried grapes and cherries used as sources of antioxidants for lubricating fluids of machine equipment, which in turn can contribute to improving their operational properties and prolonging the service life of machines.
Keywords: vacuum drying; cherries; grapes; diffusion coefficient.

 

A. U. Shingisov, R. S. Alibekov (M. Auezov’ South-Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan)

The content of mineral elements in varieties of apples of Kazakhstan selection in the context of their use in the production of lubricants

The apple (Malus domestica) is one of the most popular fruit trees in the world. Recently, the lubricants industry has been carefully studying the possibility of using plant extracts to improve the quality characteristics of products. Apple extracts can play an important role in this process, given their high mineral content. The following varieties of apples of Kazakhstan selection were considered: «Sarkyt», «Bayterek» and «Saya».
Keywords: apple; mass spectrometry; mineral elements; nutritional value; flavonoids; lubricants.

 

A. U. Shingisov, S. U. Yerkebaeva, U. U. Tastemirova (M. Auezov’ South-Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan); E. U. Maylybaeva (Taraz Regional University named after M. Kh. Dulaty, Taraz, Kazakhstan)

Investigation of the coefficient of evaporation resistance of lubricants with raspberry and cherry extracts in the conditions of industrial production in Kazakhstan

Studies have found that when using lubricants with the addition of raspberry and cherry extracts, different periods of evaporation are observed. For example, for lubricants with raspberry extract, the first evaporation period is 5,38...5,46 hours, and for lubricants with cherry extract 5,10...5,20 hours. The duration of the second evaporation period for lubricants with raspberry extract is 4,12...4,14 hours, and for lubricants with cherry extract – 4,4...4,5 hours. The analysis of the evaporation curves shows that the boundary between the periods of constant and falling evaporation rates, i. e. the critical humidity for lubricants with raspberry extract is on average 31,1±2,1 %, and for lubricants with cherry extract – 34,40±2,5 %. The results of the study showed that at the end of the evaporation process, the value of the evaporation resistance coefficient for lubricants with raspberry extract (for example, varieties «Anar», «Arai» and «Salem») reaches 2,37±0,05, and for lubricants with cherry extract (for example, varieties «Aigerim», «Lyazat» and «Merey») – 2,32±0,03.
Keywords: vacuum drying; raspberries; cherries; water activity; lubricants.

 

G. M. Tretiakov, A. B. Fokeev, N. N. Mazko (Samara State Transport University, Samara)

Innovative technologies for cargo transshipment at railway stations: challenges and prospects

Cargo transshipment at railway stations presents a number of challenges that need to be overcome to operate efficiently and effectively. The problem of train traffic planning has been studied, which consists in determining the order of processing trains on parallel railway tracks. This issue is critical to ensure smooth operations and avoid delays. Another challenge is eliminating deadlocks and minimizing the number of crane lifts when moving a container. The article focuses on planning, coordination and optimization to streamline operations and improve the efficiency of transshipment at railway stations.
Keywords: innovative technologies; cargo transshipment; railway transport.

 

G. M. Tretiakov, N. N. Mazko, A. V. Varlamov, N. H. Varlamova (Samara State Transport University, Samara)

Optimization of routes and selection of optimal methods for transshipment of goods by rail

The factors that must be taken into account when optimizing the route are considered. Above all, using route optimization software is essential for logistics businesses as it can significantly improve efficiency and reduce costs. The software must be able to process data in real time, as this allows adjustments to be made on the fly to account for factors such as traffic and unexpected delays. Accuracy and efficiency are key factors to consider when choosing route optimization software, as these qualities are critical to ensuring optimal routes are calculated. Scalability and flexibility are also important factors as the software must be able to adapt to changing business needs. Integration with existing systems and technologies is another important factor to consider as this allows for seamless implementation and use of the software.
Keywords: route optimization; choice; optimality; cargo transshipment.

 

A. Zh. Zubets (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Analysis of the state support policy of container production in China for integration foreign experience in the development of the domestic container manufacturing

This article is devoted to the container industry in Russia and the potential of its state support with a focus on the Chinese experience in the current political and economic conjuncture. Thanks to the use of various research methods: graphical, comparative analysis and other tools, it is possible to identify the main challenges and problems faced by this line of production in the Russian Federation. It is also necessary to note the special role of the container industry for the Russian economy as a whole, and for individual economic sectors. The production of containers has become a bottleneck for the development of domestic trade in the economy, which foreign opponents are trying to use against the domestic economic system by imposing sanctions. The most important result of the analysis is the urgent need for state participation for the development of this industrial direction and the possible potential of support measures, an effective illustration of which is the policy of state support for logistics and production in China.
Keywords: container; container industry; forms of state support; container production; container transportation.

 

I. B. Eliseev, A. A. Egorov, I. S. Markov, I. I. Kalanin (Saint Petersburg State Fire Service University, Saint Petersburg)

Operation of unmanned aerial vehicles during extinguishing fires at industrial facilities

The scientific article examines problematic issues during extinguishing fires with use of unmanned aerial vehicles. Attention is paid to tactical and technical characteristics. The most effective options are proposed that can be used during extinguishing fires at industrial facilities.
Keywords: unmanned vehicles; industrial facilities; extinguishing fires.

 

L. K. Babayan (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Macroregional industrial policy in the Ural Federal District

The main directions of industrial policy in the Ural Federal District were studied, as well as the potentials for improving and modernizing industrial policy instruments in the macroregion of the Russian Federation were assessed. The author substantiates the allocation of development potentials by conducting a SWOT analysis, economic and statistical analysis of data on the industrial development of the macroregion. The author pays an important role in the industrial development of the macroregion to the innovative technological potential of the enterprises of the federal district. At the same time, it is clarified that environmental problems and threats arising from the impact of enterprises on the environment act as a deterrent to breakthrough technological and industrial development. The author highlights the problem of lack of financing of the industrial sector, and, in particular, the technological activities of enterprises in the Ural Federal District, and proposes mechanisms to increase the industrial development of the macroregion and its enterprises in the industrial sector.
Keywords: industrial policy, macro-regional development, technological development, industrial enterprises, development of industrial enterprises, industrial sector management

 

O. I. Kiseleva (Moscow City University, Moscow)

The economic potential of creative clusters in the context of increasing the competitiveness of the region

Creative clusters are becoming one of the key tools for increasing the competitiveness of the region today. They promote innovative development, create new jobs and increase the economic potential of the region. In the modern economy, creative clusters are becoming increasingly important as a tool to increase the competitiveness of the region. Creative clusters are a joint space in which talented and creative people, companies and innovative ideas for the development of certain industries come together. The creation of a creative cluster allows you to stimulate the innovation process, develop the business environment and increase the economic potential of the region. The creation of creative clusters requires significant investments, both financial and in education and the development of people's skills and abilities. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the risks associated with economic dependence on specific industries or companies. The purpose of this scientific article is to consider the economic potential of creative clusters in the context of increasing the competitiveness of the region. To do this, the main advantages and risks of creating creative clusters will be considered, as well as the impact of creative clusters on the economy and education in the region will be analyzed.
Keywords: creative clusters; competitiveness; economic potential; innovative development; jobs.

 

I. D. Levina (Moscow City University, Moscow)

Creative clusters as a new tool to stimulate the economic development of regions

In the context of global competition and constant changes in the economy, more and more attention is paid to the development of creative industries and the creation of creative clusters. Creative clusters are a network of interconnected organizations and entrepreneurs who work in the field of culture, design, media and other creative industries. One of the main advantages of creative clusters is their ability to stimulate economic growth and regional development. Creative industries can create new jobs, attract investment, and increase economic activity. In addition, creative clusters can solve social and environmental problems, for example, create employment centers for low-income groups of the population or use environmentally friendly technologies. The creation and development of creative clusters requires significant investment and time, as well as support from the state and local authorities. In addition, it is necessary to consider that the creative cluster cannot solve all the economic and social problems of the region. In this article, we will review the experience of creating and developing creative clusters in the world and in Russia, as well as identify the advantages and disadvantages of using creative clusters to stimulate the economic development of regions.
Keywords: creative clusters; economic development; regional economy; culture; creative industries.

 

N. K. Popadyuk (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

A window of opportunities for Russian industry during the phase crisis of the second half of the 2020s

The article is devoted to the prospects for the development of Russia as a part of the Eurasian Economic Union as a macro-zone that open up with the change of the existing world order on the basis of mastering new opportunities revealed by the modern stage of nationalization of monetary policy. The threats and difficulties emerging during the initial phase of the phase crisis are shown, as well as the objectively falling on Russia function of one of the most important attractors of the new world order, offering the world a new format of relations based on mutual respect for the interests of other countries, regardless of their economic and political potential, race and ethnicity. Some trends that are opening up to Russia in the new world economic order are revealed
Keywords: macroregion; macrozone; phase crisis; macrocluster; EurAsEC; structure of the global financial and economic crisis; the sixth technological and world economic order.

 

N. I. Mindyarova (Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan); R. M. Fathutdinova (KNITU KAI, Leninogorsk branch, Leninogorsk); I. A. Mutugullina (Kazan State Energy University, Kazan)

Application of Industry 4.0 in automation of the chemical industry

Current trends in digital transformation are most focused on the management aspects of the digital revolution. This process is closely related to the widespread integration of digital solutions and the subsequent changes in the organizational structure. This study analyzes the specifics of building a management system in petrochemical companies that are implementing digital transformation and applying advanced technologies in production operations. Key concepts of Industry 4.0 are also explored as they apply to the chemical and petrochemical industries. The main aspects of technological development and factors stimulating the progress of both existing and digital production processes are analyzed, and problems that may reduce the result of the integration of new technologies are identified. This article reveals the basic rules on the basis of which the Industry 4.0 concept should be implemented for the highest quality decision-making in the chemical industry. It is worth emphasizing that the development of in-house processes depends on the selected technological base for product production. To increase the efficiency of companies, it is necessary to actively integrate digital decision-making modules based on artificial intelligence and neural networks. Within the framework of this article, a model for implementing product release processes is proposed, taking into account the specifics of business development in the current conditions of digital transformation. The main characteristic of this model is the interaction of the life cycle and the cost formation algorithm with a comprehensive perception of the interpretation of the elements of the Industry 4.0 concept.
Keywords: economic development; development of the chemical industry; industrial automation; digitalization of industry; Industry 4.0; transition to the VI technological structure.
 
O. V. Panina (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The role of the state in the development of domestic industry in the mirror of history: trends of the XV–XIX century

The approaches to the management of Russian industry in historical retrospect from the XV to the XIX century are analyzed. The author substantiates the thesis that in Russia, due to a number of historical, geographical and economic factors, a model of industrial management has been formed over the centuries, in which the state played a leading role. At the same time, it is clarified that in different historical epochs the state was not only the direct initiator of the creation of large industrial enterprises, but also pursued a policy of protectionism and mercantilism towards the entire economy of the country in order to ensure not only its sustainable development, but also to create favorable economic conditions for the formation and development of domestic industry. According to the author, this made it possible to determine the significant coordinating role of the state in the stable development of industry.
Keywords: industry; model; public administration; industrial complex; industrial policy.