KSHP. OMD №1-2024 el.dop
A. M. Satanin, A. A. Gorchavkina (HSE University, Moscow)
Quasi-energy of a Josephson oscillator under two-frequency excitation
Superconducting Josephson oscillators have nonlinear dissipative inductance, and therefore are widely used to create quantum electronic devices: resonators, qubits and measuring devices. Under the harmonic influence of a control electromagnetic signal, the nonlinear oscillator is captured into resonance and is characterized by a conserved quantity – quasi-energy. The number of levels in resonance is determined by the nonlinearity parameter and the amplitude of the external field. This work shows that when an oscillator is exposed to a two-frequency alternating field, when the frequencies are incommensurable but differ little from each other, the oscillator can be captured in a secondary resonance, determined by the difference frequency, and can also have a certain quasi-energy. Approximate and numerical methods for calculating quasi-energy have been developed. Possible applications of the predicted effect are discussed.
Keywords: Josephson oscillator; nonlinear inductance; resonance; dual-frequency control; secondary resonance.
N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Mapo Dare Siliush (International University of Management, Windhoek, Namibia)
Building econometric models of supply and demand in markets in the Russian Federation
Supply and demand models are widely used in the econometric analysis of markets, including industrial product markets. The purpose of this study was to build statistical models of supply and demand for key commodity markets of industrial products in the Russian Federation. The working hypothesis was the assumption of a significant impact of such factors as production capacity, consumer incomes, prices for similar products, as well as macroeconomic indicators on the volume of supply and demand in the markets of engineering products, metal products, and the chemical industry in the period from 2010 to 2020. The simulation results showed a significant impact of production capacities, revenues and prices for similar products on the dynamics of supply and demand of the analyzed industrial products. The models generally describe the empirical data of the markets well, which confirms the adequacy of the approach used. The results obtained can be used to predict market dynamics and make management decisions in industry.
Keywords: supply and demand models; product markets; multiple linear regression.
T. V. Bratarchuk (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Hin Cho Park (Yonsei School of Business, Seoul, South Korea)
Econometric modeling of the impact of oil prices on the dynamics of Russia's GDP
This work is devoted to the study of the influence of oil prices on the dynamics of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the Russian Federation using econometric modeling. This problem is relevant because the Russian economy is heavily dependent on hydrocarbon exports. The paper uses quarterly data for the period 2006–2021 on the prices of Brent crude oil and the indicator of Russia's GDP. To study the relationship, an autoregressive model with delays was built. The results obtained indicate a significant positive impact of oil prices on GDP growth rates. An increase in prices of 1 US dollar on average leads to an increase in GDP growth by 0,15–0,2 percentage points. Thus, the conducted research allows us to conclude that oil revenues play a significant role in ensuring Russia's economic growth.
Keywords: GDP; oil prices; econometric modeling; autoregression; dependence of the Russian economy.
O. V. Zhuravleva, S. A. Varvus, A. P. Buevich, P. V. Trifonov (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); O. N. Mitrofanova (Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk)
Assessing the implementation of industrial import substitution policies and market regulation
Issues related to import substitution of industrial products in the Russian Federation, which should be considered as a process of qualitative transformations of the national economy and strengthening the competitiveness of domestic producers, have been studied. The authors emphasize that the implementation of the import substitution policy allows us to reduce our dependence on the import of industrial goods and increase economic security in the industrial sector. The place of industry in the country's import substitution policy has been determined; an assessment was made of the implementation of the program for import substitution of industrial products, a study of the behavior of industrial enterprises was conducted, the most active industrial entity was identified, the intermediate results of the implementation of this policy in industry and the prospects for its implementation were shown. The study reveals the import substitution policy as a comprehensive program aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the country's industry, strengthening the economic security of the industrial sector, and implementing industrial restructuring.
Keywords: import substitution policy; sanctions; trade embargo; import; export; industrial products market.
T. N. Sakulyeva (State University of Management, Moscow)
Analysis of the terms of delivery of goods in the logistics system of the enterprise
The article analyzes the conditions of delivery of goods in the logistics system of the enterprise on the example of Gazprom Complete Set LLC. The principles of the sale of petroleum products by Gazprom Complete Set LLC are investigated; priorities for the distribution of the value of the sale of petroleum products in the domestic market of the country. When the volume of products planned for purchase by the consumer is higher than the volume of products produced by the enterprise in a certain month, and the enterprise does not have available spare stocks of products, in this case the enterprise covers the needs of customers according to priorities. If there is no reasonable possibility of supplying products in the required volume, the company may provide a reasonable refusal to supply in the required month, however, the customer may be offered to purchase products on the stock exchange. Gazprom Complete Set LLC is a dynamically developing largest energy corporation. The supply management system is characterized by both internal and external environments. The geographical extent of supplies is extensive.
Keywords: petroleum products; logistics costs; industrial companies; enterprises; business entities; sales; consumers.
S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Aadila Botswaku (Open University of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania)
Indicators of the development of the digital economy in Russia
A comprehensive assessment of the state and dynamics of development of the digital economy in Russia is carried out. The study used data from the Federal State Statistics Service on investment indicators in the field of information and communication technologies and the share of enterprises using digital technologies. The reports of the Ministry of Digital Development on the progress of the national projects «Digital Economy» and «Digital Public Administration» are analyzed. Data from international rankings of digital development of countries are studied. An analysis of the main parameters indicates positive dynamics in the development of the Russian digital economy. However, there are significant reserves for its further progress.
Keywords: digital economy; development indicators; digital development index; investments in digitalization; digital literacy level; ICT penetration.
S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Aadila Botswaku (Open University of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania)
Application of the theory of real options to evaluate investment projects in the Russian Federation
In this study, the author attempts to carry out a theoretical and applied analysis of the possibilities of using the option approach to evaluate investment projects under conditions of uncertainty in the Russian economy. This task is due to the increased level of investment risks in the domestic market, which often makes it difficult to quantify the possible profitability of projects. As part of the study, an overview of the main models of real options was conducted, allowing for such parameters as uncertainty in demand, variability in raw material prices and production costs. Based on the analysis of theoretical positions, the Black-Scholes model was chosen, which most adequately describes the specifics of evaluating long-term capital investments. As an example, a project for the construction of a polymer processing plant in the Saratov region with an investment volume of 1,2 billion rubles and a payback period of 5 years was considered. Using the Black-Scholes model, the probabilistic characteristics of the project's profitability are estimated, including average income, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. The results obtained allow us to conclude that it is advisable to implement the project under these conditions.
Keywords: evaluation of investment projects; theory of real options; Black-Scholes model; uncertainty; risk; profitability of the project.
K. V. Kharchenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)
Industrial clusters with the participation of a public partner: restriction on competition or opportunities for synergy
The article is devoted to the design of a cluster model of the organization of the regional economy, which combines elements of free competition and cooperation, on the one hand, and state regulation, on the other. According to the results of the analysis of M. Porter’s classical concept of a cluster the Russian legal definition, it is shown that territorial proximity and functional are not so significant as an agreement on interaction between the cluster participants and the presence of an umbrella-type specialized organization. A comparison of the traits of present-day clusters and Soviet research and production associations reveals the need to borrow valuable experience of the integration of science and production, therefore it is advisable to introduce into the legal field the category of research and industrial clusters as a sort of industrial clusters. It is argued that cluster participants are not deprived of economic independence, with the exception of certain functions transferred on a voluntary basis and integrated areas of activity. A structural and organizational model of a regional industrial cluster created in order to implement a regional strategy of socio-economic development of is proposed. The model based on the participation of a public partner implies providing cluster members with broad governmental support such as funding cluster projects and purchasing the internal products of the cluster members.
Keywords: industrial cluster; research and production cluster; specialized organization; cluster project.
I. A. Volkova (Omsk State Agrarian University, Omsk); N. N. Samokhina (Nizhnevartovsk State University, Nizhnevartovsk)
Preservation of human capital as a vector of regional development
Human capital is the main driving force of the economy in conditions of socio-economic uncertainty. The determining factors in the development of demographic processes in the Omsk region remain the natural population decline and the negative balance of migration. It has been determined that population migration is influenced by the socio-economic situation of the region, the level of wages, and the environmental characteristics of the territory. The complexity of organizing scientific activities and difficulties in creating serious research projects is another reason for the outflow of human capital. In accordance with the identified trends, the main directions for the preservation and development of human capital in the Omsk region have been determined.
Keywords: human capital; population migration; research activities; development vector.
T. V. Bratarchuk (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Hin Cho Park (Yonsei School of Business, Seoul, South Korea)
Application of game theory methods to analyze the strategies of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the field of inflation targeting
This scientific article examines the application of game theory methods to analyze the strategies of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the context of inflation targeting. The study attempts to formalize the relationship between the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and such economic entities as the government, banks, households and enterprises in the form of a game model. Possible strategies of participants' behavior, their preferences and limitations are considered. The results of modeling in the form of Nash equilibria for various scenarios of macroeconomic policy are presented.
Keywords: inflation targeting; Central Bank; game theory; Nash equilibrium; economic policy modeling.
N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Mapo Dare Siliush (International University of Management, Windhoek, Namibia)
Research on the effectiveness of Russian banks using CFA and DEA analysis
The financial statements of 25 largest Russian banks are analyzed. Assets, headcount, and staff costs were considered as input performance indicators. Gross profit and return on assets are used as targets. Using the CFA method, the decomposition of changes in performance indicators into components related to changes in production scale, changes in technology efficiency and net technological progress is carried out. Using the DEA analysis method, the technical efficiency of banks is assessed and market leaders and outsiders were identified. The results will allow us to give a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of the effectiveness of Russian banks and identify the main factors influencing the change in indicators.
Keywords: efficiency of banks; CFA analysis; DEA analysis; decomposition of changes; technical efficiency.
I. Yu. Vaslavskaya, D. A. Rekshnya (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute the branch of Kazan Federal University, Naberezhnye Chelny)
Digitalisation of tariff regulation: rationed tariff and automated calculation
In the presented article, the authors analyzed the problems of the existing digital tariff regulation system in the field of water supply and heat supply based on the current state of the industry and the technologies used. The issues of tariff formation in this area are considered and key problems are highlighted. The introduction of a standardized tariff is proposed as a mechanism for improving current tariff calculation systems. The main attention is paid to the study of the standardized tariff for resource supply companies. The need to improve legislation in the field of price regulation in the Russian Federation is substantiated to optimize costs and create a unified information environment at the federal level. A pricing model based on a standardized tariff is proposed to ensure stable and predictable conditions for organizations and businesses, modernization of infrastructure based on modern technologies.
Keywords: tariff; resource supply company; standardized costs; water supply; digitalization of housing and communal services; technology.
S. G. Eremin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); O. V. Arashkevich (Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Gomel, Republic of Belarus)
Measures to ensure effective counteraction to corruption in industry
The article touches on problems associated with corruption, drawing attention to the need for changes in state anti-corruption policy, its transformation into a scientifically based (evidence-based) one. As an important measure of anti-corruption policy, a mechanism for control and supervisory activities in the public sector of the state, the article discusses anti-corruption inspection.
Keywords: anti-corruption check; anti-corruption; federal civil service; federal civil servant; checking the accuracy and completeness of information; evidence-based anti-corruption policy, industry.
S. G. Eremin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); V. F. Babyna (Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Gomel, Republic of Belarus)
Current issues of regulation of anti-corruption inspections in public authorities and their importance for the economy and industry
The article provides an analytical review of the verification of the reliability and completeness of information on income, expenses, property, compliance with prohibitions and restrictions, and the performance of duties established for the purpose of combating corruption. The authors argue for the relevance and significance of the research topic. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations were proposed for improving the identification, counteraction and prevention of corruption in government bodies and, in general, in the public segment of any state, and their significance for the economy and industrial sphere.
Keywords: anti-corruption check; anti-corruption; federal civil service; federal civil servant; verification of the accuracy and completeness of information; personnel service of the federal state body; economics; industry.
N. L. Krasyukova, K. V. Kharchenko, E. I. Moskvitina (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)
Improving the training of personnel to ensure the digital transformation of public administration at the regional level
The article is devoted to the issues of staffing the digital transformation of public administration at the regional level, which are relevant today in the light of the implementation of the national program ‘Digital Economy of the Russian Federation’. The importance of internal coordination of personnel training and the development of digitalization of the region is emphasized. The purpose of the work is to discuss issues related to the objectives of this type of activity, the categories of listeners, the optimal choice of location, form and content of training, as well as the comparison of these parameters with the tasks, activities and indicators of the relevant regional programs. The need for a clear designation of the purpose of personnel training aimed at the formation of digital competencies is emphasized; object-oriented and personality-oriented goals are differentiated. It is noted that the training of digital competencies of civil servants should be organized in parallel with the training of a number of other categories of specialists, which will contribute to the formation of a unified digital environment in the region. The strengths and weaknesses of training in various locations are considered. The content of personnel training aimed at ensuring digital transformation is interpreted from the perspective of four types of competencies: user, analytical, organizational and ideological. Based on the analysis of regional programs for the development of the information society and the digital economy, it is concluded that there are personnel and development measures in them, but they are not disclosed in substance; the emphasis is on quantitative indicators. The conclusion is made about the need to pay more attention to digital subjectivity.
Keywords: personnel training; digitalization; digital transformation; corporate university; digital competencies; digital subjectivity.
P. I. Chuvakhin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Lafu Nagaldren (University of N'Djamena, N'Djamena, Chad)
Legal regulation of antimonopoly policy in the industry of the Russian Federation
This study is devoted to the legal regulation of antimonopoly policy in the industry of the Russian Federation. The introduction examines the history of the formation of antimonopoly regulation in the Russian Federation, the key stages of its development and the basic principles. The section on materials and methods provides an analysis of the current legislation on protection of competition, including Federal Law no. 135-FZ «On Protection of Competition» of 2006. The results of the study demonstrate that despite progress in improving the regulatory framework, Russian legislation does not fully ensure the effective prevention of monopolism in industrial markets. Recommendations are proposed for further improvement of antimonopoly regulation in order to stimulate competition in industry.
Keywords: antimonopoly policy; competition protection; industry; antimonopoly legislation.