Yu. L. Rapatsky, V. M. Lipka (Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol)

A new approach to the study of the life cycle of complex systems in mechanical assembly production

The article deals with the actual problem of the study of complex technical systems with aftereffect. The objects of the class under consideration are, in particular, mechanical assembly production in general and its subsystems, in which technological inheritance takes place, as well as information and logistics systems. The approach proposed in the article is based on the use of semi-Markov models with a common phase space and makes it possible to significantly simplify the modeling process and ensure high accuracy of the results.
Keywords: mechanical assembly; complex systems; aftereffect; technological inheritance.

V. A. Govorov (Moscow Power Engineering Institute, Moscow); I. V. Gumenny (A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, RAS, Moscow)

Dielectric properties of composite polymer films for solid-state electrolytes

Secondary power sources are one of the most popular energy storage and storage elements. The leader among them is lithium-ion batteries. However, today they are no longer able to provide the required energy density, as well as operational safety due to the presence of a liquid electrolyte. This has led to an increase in the number of works on the search and creation of new materials suitable for energy storage. The creation of composite polymer electrolytes is the most promising among all approaches. At the same time, the creation of a polymer electrolyte is a complex task affecting many scientific specialties. This work presents studies of previously unused compositions for polymer electrolytes based on two immiscible polymers – a semicrystalline copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride with hexafluoropropylene and an amorphous polysulfone with the addition of nano-sized particles of titanium dioxide and lithium salt. The dielectric properties of films based on two polymers were studied in a wide frequency range. It is shown that the addition of polysulfone leads to a decrease in the dielectric constant of the polyvinylidene fluoride film, which can affect the ability to form polymer-salt complexes. However, the addition of nano-sized particles increases the permeability values by up to two times, promoting better energy storage by the film and the formation of polymer-salt complexes. It was also found that the optimal concentration of the polysulfone polymer phase is 20 %, since a further increase leads to a sharp drop in the permeability of the entire film.
Keywords: polyvinylidene fluoride; polysulfone; titanium dioxide; dielectric spectrum; permeability.

S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); H. Ch. Pak (Yonsei Business School, University of South Korea, Seoul, Korea)

Analysis of the dynamics of exports of Russian mechanical engineering products for 2010–2023 and forecast until 2030

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of exports of Russian mechanical engineering products for the period from 2010 to 2023, and also develops a forecast for the development of the industry until 2030. The relevance of the study is due to the importance of the mechanical engineering complex for the Russian economy and the need to find new growth drivers in the face of global challenges. The purpose of the work is to identify key trends, factors and prospects for the development of exports of Russian mechanical engineering products based on the application of economic and statistical methods of analysis and forecasting. The work uses methods of comparative, factor, correlation and regression analysis, as well as elements of scenario forecasting. The key factors for export growth are increasing the competitiveness of Russian products, implementing government support measures, expanding the geography of supplies and the range of exported goods. At the same time, export dynamics are characterized by high volatility due to the influence of geopolitical risks, global market conditions and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the results of correlation and regression analysis, a significant positive relationship was revealed between the volume of exports and such factors as the real effective exchange rate of the ruble, world oil prices, the volume of investments in fixed capital of mechanical engineering. Based on scenario forecasting, it was determined that by 2030 the volume of exports of Russian mechanical engineering products could reach 52–68 billion US dollars, depending on the implementation of the conservative, basic or optimistic development scenario.
Keywords: mechanical engineering; export; dynamics; factors; forecast; competitiveness; governmental support; investments; digitalization.

S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Aadila Botswaku (Open University of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania)

Assessment of the multiplier effect of the development of the Russian aviation industry on related industries

This article examines the multiplier effect of the development of the Russian aviation industry on related industries. The purpose of the study is to assess the degree of influence of the aviation industry on the country's economy as a whole, as well as to identify key factors that contribute to strengthening this effect. The results of the study show that the development of the aviation industry has a significant impact on related industries, such as metallurgy, instrument making, electronics, etc. According to calculations, every ruble invested in the aviation industry generates up to 3.5 rubles in related industries. In addition, the development of the aviation industry helps create highly qualified jobs and increase the innovative potential of the economy. Thus, in 2019, the aviation industry employed more than 400 thousand people, and the volume of investments in R&D amounted to 78 billion rubles. The article also examines the key factors influencing the multiplier effect of the development of the aviation industry, such as government support, the level of localization of production, scientific and technical potential, etc. Based on the analysis of these factors, recommendations are proposed to enhance the multiplier effect, including measures to stimulate demand for products aviation industry, development of cooperation ties and increasing the level of localization of production.
Keywords: aviation industry; multiplier effect; related industries; intersectoral balance; Innovation potential; localization of production.

V. V. Nosov (Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Moscow); O. A. Sagina (Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); T. V. Magdeeva (Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow)

Innovative activities of municipal enterprises of the industrial sector of Russia

The study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the innovative activities of industrial enterprises by type of ownership in order to assess the competitiveness of innovative processes in municipal enterprises and the feasibility of budget expenditures in this direction. During the work, it was established that municipal industrial enterprises are characterized by the lowest indicators of innovation activity, production and export of modern technological products. In addition, among enterprises of this form of ownership there is a low level of development and use of advanced production technologies. The most obvious way out of the current situation with a low degree of development of innovation processes in the municipal industrial sector seems to be a gradual transfer of enterprises to the federal level of ownership, since federally owned industrial enterprises are characterized by the best indicators of innovation activity.
Keywords: competitiveness; municipal property; all-Russian classifier of organizational and legal forms; surveys; industry; comparative analysis; efficiency.

S. G. Eremin (Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); I. V. Babyna (Francisk Skarina Gomel State University, Belarus, Gomel)

Stimulating restoration and development of the industrial sector by means of «rational» public procurement

The article is devoted to studying the possibilities of stimulating the restoration and development of the industrial sector through “rational” public procurement. The authors substantiate the relevance and significance of the research topic. A brief description of the current state of the industrial sector is given, including in the context of some industries, focusing on the presence of signs of stabilization, but with recessionary manifestations. The conclusion is that there is a need to develop rational public initiatives aimed at progressively leveling the consequences of these factors, aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the domestic manufacturer and stimulating the consumption of its product in the domestic and international markets. The importance of the rational principle in solving these problems is argued, and the evidence-based concept associated with it, which has received the expression of evidence-based public policy in public management, is justified. The position is substantiated on the practical significance of incorporating its principles into the functional framework of the institution of public and corporate procurement, on the stability and stability of which, according to the authors, the industrial sovereignty of the state depends. A study is being conducted of the current state of the public procurement sector, and directions for its stabilization in the context of new market trends are being clarified. However, it is indicated that in order to create a «rational» public procurement, there is a need to transfer public procurement management mechanisms to an evidence-based «rails». An enlarged framework is proposed that focuses on the feasibility of using collaboration tools among all participants in the procurement ecosystem, including suppliers of industrial products and representatives of the scientific community, in order to ensure the effect and result of stimulating the restoration and development of the industrial sector through policy reform in the field of public procurement management.
Keywords: industrial sector; industrial policy; public procurement; rational public procurement; supplier; sanctions; protectionism; evidence-based public policy.

N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Mapo Dare Siliush (International University of Management, Windhoek, Namibia)

Calculation of the import substitution potential in the Russian chemical industry: analysis by sub-sectors

This article examines the current problem of import substitution in the Russian chemical industry in the light of the current geopolitical and economic situation. The results of the study indicate the presence of significant potential for import substitution in such sub-sectors as the production of plastics and synthetic resins (up to 68 % by 2025), paints and varnishes (up to 85 %), chemical fibers and threads (up to 90 %). At the same time, in the segments of specialty and small-scale chemistry and pharmaceutical substances, the level of import dependence remains high (up to 80-90 %) due to technological lag and lack of investment in R&D. It is shown that realizing the potential of import substitution requires a set of government support measures, including subsidizing capital costs, tax incentives, long-term lending and customs tariff regulation. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a methodology for assessing the potential and priorities of import substitution based on the interindustry balance and foresight forecasting of scientific and technological development of the Russian chemical complex.
Keywords: import substitution; chemical industry; sub-sector; potential; investments; governmental support; intersectoral balance; foresight forecasting.

I. Yu. Vaslavskaya, I. A. Koshkina (Naberezhnye Chelny Institute the branch of Kazan Federal University, Naberezhnye Chelny)

Information and economic model of the logistics process using blockchain technology

In modern transport logistics, when choosing optimal routes and transport, computer processing of initial data (orders, cargo parameters, vehicle fleet, etc.) is necessary. This is due to the constantly growing volumes of data on the state of control objects and their changes. Data enters the transportation control center in a “closed” form from satellites, and manual processing of such information flow becomes labor-intensive, which leads to loss of efficiency of decisions made and an increase in the number of errors. A possible solution to this problem in logistics systems could be the introduction of blockchain technology, which has a positive impact on solving key supply chain management problems, including reliability, stability and flexibility of the supply chain. In this regard, the development of a modeling apparatus in logistics is relevant for the development of methodological tools for introducing blockchain technology into the activities of small enterprises.
Keywords: transport and logistics system; digitalization; digital economy; transformation; blockchain technologies.

M. Yu. Aleynikova, A. D. Karakhimova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Development of the public procurement system in the context of international cooperation

The Russian Federation is a party to many international agreements related to trade turnover. The main link for the integration of the state into foreign trade relations is the public procurement system of the Russian Federation. The relationship between domestic legislation regulating key aspects of the model of contractual relations in the Russian Federation and acts that extend their influence on procurement between states makes it possible to determine the directions for the development of the domestic public procurement system to maximize its effectiveness within the framework of integration associations of the Russian Federation. The consistency of many approaches to regulating this area of relations in the context of such associations indicates the correlation of the domestic model of contractual relations and the internationally accepted standards for their implementation. At the same time, there are discrepancies between the provisions of the Federal Law of 04/05/2013 No. 44-FL “On the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works, services to meet state and municipal needs”, the UNCITRAL Model Law on the procurement of goods (works, services) and the norms Agreements on public procurement of the WTO, determined by the practical aspects of the implementation of procurement procedures in the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation signed the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union and did not ratify the WTO agreement due to the presence of inconsistencies between legal acts. However, the established contradictions do not create significant obstacles to the development of the public procurement system within the EAEU. On the contrary, the signing of agreements between the EAEU, China and individual participants of the ASEAN member countries indicates the development of the commonwealth and the strengthening of territorial ties. The argument in the article is based on general scientific and specific methodology. The main approach is the synectic method of comparing heterogeneous entities, which makes it possible to find similar solutions in various fields of knowledge and practice. It is concluded that the presence of certain barriers to the legal support of public procurement within the framework of international associations can be considered as triggers for the development and reform of contract systems in order to create a unified space for their implementation and legal regulation.
Keywords: state (municipal) procurement; legal regulation; government contract; international agreements; Model Law; WTO; EAEU.

A. S. Sibiryaev (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Z. K. Yesymkhanova (Esil University, Astana, Kazakhstan)

Features of digitalization of the light industry

In 2024, the issue of the development of industrial sectors against the background of the protection of the sovereignty of the Russian economy is particularly relevant. Under conditions of foreign policy pressure, the state authorities of the Russian Federation are forced to make strategically important decisions, taking into account the influence of various factors. For the light industry, such a trend implies the achievement of significant effects against the background of achieving technological sovereignty and the development of the import substitution process. This situation presupposes the strengthening of the state, the growth of its managerial and production capabilities. In this case, forced measures to respond to the conditions of a changing external environment are a favorable factor for development. In our case, we study the trend of digitalization in the field of light industry – precisely the sphere that produces products for the daily needs of the population.
Keywords: digitalization; public administration; light industry; systematic approach; import substitution.

I. A. Volkova, N. N. Samokhina (Nizhnevartovsk State University, Nizhnevartovsk)

The decoupling effect as a vector of regional development strategy

The dependence of the region's business activity on the state of the environment has recently become obvious. Environmental issues are a driver for the well-being of economic and social development of any territory. Determining and taking into account the presence of the decoupling effect in the regional development strategy is justified by the need to assess damage within the framework of the socio-economic development of the region, because the use of natural resources will necessarily lead to an impact on the environment in one form or another. The article defines the priority role and guideline for the development of the region within the framework of the concept of sustainable development, provides a rationale for the application of ESG principles and notes the need to calculate the decoupling effect. The results of the study will be of interest to representatives of the federal and regional levels of government, whose activities are related to the environmental component of the region’s development strategy, as well as to the management structures of organizations that are focused on preserving the environment.
Keywords: regional development strategy; concept of sustainable development; ESG-principles; decoupling effect.

N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); H. Ch. Pak (Yonsei Business School, University of South Korea, Seoul, Korea)

Modeling the optimal structure of the energy balance of Russia, taking into account the growing share of renewable energy sources until 2050

The modern energy system of Russia faces numerous challenges related to the need to ensure sustainable development and reduce negative impacts on the environment. This article examines the prospects for modeling the optimal structure of Russia's energy balance, taking into account the growing share of renewable energy sources (RES) until 2050. Three development options are considered as basic scenarios: inertial (continuation of current trends), moderate (gradual increase in the share of renewable energy sources) and innovative (accelerated introduction of renewable energy sources and energy efficient technologies). For each scenario, detailed forecasts of energy consumption by economic sector, the structure of generating capacity, investment volumes and greenhouse gas emissions are developed. The modeling results show that achieving target indicators for the share of renewable energy sources in the energy balance of Russia by 2050 is an ambitious, but achievable task. Under the innovative development scenario, the total installed capacity of renewable energy facilities can reach 120–150 GW, which will be about 20–25 % of the total installed capacity of power plants. The greatest contribution to green generation will be made by wind (60-80 GW) and solar (40–60 GW) power plants, as well as small hydroelectric power plants and bioenergy. The implementation of this scenario will require significant investments (about 200–250 billion US dollars), but will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30-40 % compared to 2020 levels and create up to 500 thousand new jobs.
Keywords: energy balance of Russia; renewable energy sources (RES); modeling; scenario analysis; sustainable development; low carbon economy.

A. D. Barsukova, I. P. Pryadko (Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Moscow)

Information security and the challenges of a post-industrial society

The paper aims to identify the role of the Internet and social networks in a post-industrial society, the main characteristics of which are considered in the introductory part of the research. Particular attention is paid to information terrorism, which has become a new form of terrorism in the contemporary post-industrial society. It is shown that information in such a society becomes the most important socio-economic resource. At the same time, information turns into an object of criminal encroachment, which makes cybersecurity and information security issues relevant. The literature review is given, and the proposed research methods are described. The study is based on a survey method, analysis of sources, and a comparative historical method. In the conclusions made in the fourth part of the research, the author relies on the data of a sociological survey in which students of some Moscow technical universities took part. The survey demonstrated the degree of young users’ dependence on social networks and the Internet and their impact on psychological well-being. Based on the survey results, a hypothesis is put forward that an increased degree of anxiety provokes individual members of society to commit crimes related to the use of information technologies. The research showed that the Internet and the media are the main agents of political socialization for young students. The discussion reveals the factors that feed information terrorism and damage information security. Based on the survey data, the author revealed the reasons for the stability of the phenomenon discussed in the paper, considered the actual problems of combating manifestations of information terrorism, political intolerance, and the factors hindering this struggle and drew generalizing conclusions of a socio-political nature. The research has theoretical and practical significance, as it sheds light on the attitude of young people to security issues on the Internet and social networks.
Keywords: cybersecurity; information terrorism; contradictions; self-realization; civilization crisis; world civilization core and periphery; under-dimensioned person; sociological survey; financial sector.

K. E. Lukichev (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); A. Sh. Durmanov (Tashkent State Economic University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

Health management of industrial workers

The health of workers is increasingly considered by the management of industrial enterprises as a new economic asset. Health management is directly correlated with labor productivity, which suggests the need to form a new economic model or introduce a «health culture». The experience of attracting investments in human capital instead of the traditional costs of treatment and rehabilitation confirms that healthy employees are profitable. These issues certainly require timely support from the State and the development of appropriate sources of legal regulation.
Keywords: industrial medicine; occupational diseases; occupational safety; preventive care; periodic medical examinations; SDG 3; psychophysiological research.