I. A. Pogrebnaya, S. V. Mikhailova (Industrial University of Tyumen, Tyumen) 

Technological principles of ensuring uniformity of induction hardening of conical and step-like parts

In the context of import substitution, the development of resource-efficient hardening methods is critical for improving the reliability of critical mechanical engineering parts. This article focuses on the analysis of induction surface hardening technology as an effective method for combating fatigue failure. It explores the patterns of hardened layer formation, which are influenced by structural transformations and the generation of residual compressive stresses. Based on the analysis of surface effect, proximity effect, and ring effect, the article presents methodological principles for managing the process for complex-shaped parts. Engineering solutions for the design of specialized inductors, the use of magnetic cores, and the adjustment of the spatial distribution of energy are presented. An algorithm for selecting modes for the uniform hardening of conical, stepped, and hollow parts is described. The practical significance of the work lies in providing a tool for predicting the hardness and purposeful creation of the residual stress field, compensating for the working loads. It is shown that the application of the techniques ensures the reproducibility of the results, reduces the energy intensity of the process and contributes to the localization of the production of highly loaded components.
Keywords: induction hardening; surface hardening; critical parts; fatigue strength; residual stresses; surface effect; ring effect; import substitution.

 

E. D. Serdyukov (MSUT «STANKIN», Moscow)

Causes of errors in laser cutting on a CNC laser machine

The problems of operation and design of laser machines with numerical control are considered. The Optimum Tube CNC laser metal cutting machine is used as the object of the study. Samples of parts with errors are obtained on the machine, presumably due to fluctuations of the laser head at the moment of a change in the direction of movement along two coordinates. To determine the dependence of the magnitude and profile of the errors on the feed rate, cutting is carried out at different speeds of movement of the laser head. The article describes the measurement results of the obtained samples, their profilograms and error values along two axes. The amplitude-frequency characteristics of the elastic portal system of the machine are obtained, which make it possible to determine the correlation between the error on the sample and the natural frequencies of the carrier system of the machine under study. 
Keywords: laser machine; intrinsic vibrations; cutting error; undulation of the part; vibrations.

 

E. M. Gotlib (Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan); A. G. Sokolova (National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, Moscow) 

Mathematical models describing relationships between the regimes of products of rice husk and buckwheat husk processing and their phase composition, structure and properties

This study is devoted to the development of mathematical models establishing the dependence of the functional properties of fillers for composite polymer materials – rice husk ash and buckwheat husk ash – on the technological parameters of their production. Based on the obtained regularities, the authors established that the porosity characteristics of buckwheat husk ash depend on the mineral component, while those of rice husk ash depend on the organic phase content. The specific surface area of the fillers and the carbon content affect the thermal properties of rice husk and buckwheat husk ash. The thermal properties of rice and buckwheat husk ash are determined primarily by the specific surface area of the pores and the carbon content. The elemental composition of the fillers, in particular the silicon dioxide content, has a decisive influence on the formation of the porous structure of the fillers.
Keywords: mathematical model; fillers; oil absorption; specific pores surface; rice husk ash; buckwheat husk ash; composite polymer materials; modifying effect. 

 

A. I. Galkin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Analysis of the impact of robotization and artificial intelligence on employment, wages, and income distribution in manufacturing industry

The article provides an analytical assessment of how the accelerated implementation of robotic systems and artificial intelligence in manufacturing transforms the labor market, wage dynamics, and the distribution of income between labor and capital. The aim of the study is to identify causal links between robotization density and the prevalence of AI, on the one hand, and changes in employment by skill groups, the labor share in value added, and income inequality indicators, on the other. The empirical basis consists of panel data for 28 manufacturing industries in 15 countries for the period 2012–2023, statistics from international organizations, the EU KLEMS sectoral databases, and labor force surveys. Fixed effects models, instrumental variables using the “exposure to robots” indicator, Difference-in-Differences analysis for local technological shocks, as well as the calculation of the Gini coefficient, Palma index, and the decomposition of value added growth by factors are applied. The obtained results confirm the polarization hypothesis: intensive automation leads to a decline in employment and stagnation of real wages among medium-skilled workers, while increasing the premium for high-level digital and analytical skills; the correlation coefficients between robotization density and wage gaps across skill groups prove to be statistically significant and high. It is shown that the increase in the automation index is accompanied by a noticeable decrease in the labor share of value added, especially in high-tech segments, and the effect of AI adoption is nonlinear and affects low-, middle-, and high-skilled groups differently. The comparison of returns on investment in automation and employment dynamics demonstrates that there is no simple linear relationship between efficiency and the number of jobs, though in traditional industrial sectors the net effect of labor displacement dominates. The study concludes that a structural trend is emerging toward the redistribution of income in favor of capital and intellectual rent, which calls for the adaptation of industrial, educational, and fiscal policies aimed at the development of complementary skills, the mitigation of technological unemployment, and the renewal of redistribution mechanisms.
Keywords: robotization; artificial intelligence; employment; wages; income 

 

O. V. Demyanova, M. A. Pugacheva, R. M. Safiullin (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan)

The system of modernization of production capacities as a factor in the development of the industry

This article analyzes the modernization process of Russian enterprises, highlighting the main areas, prerequisites, and stages. It is determined that the essence of modernization is the technical upgrade of fixed assets, which can be accomplished through the use of domestic, imported, and/or licensed equipment. Based on this analysis, the challenges that any enterprise in the industry will face when choosing its strategy and method for modernizing fixed assets are identified.
Keywords: modernization; production capacity; costs; technology; sustainable development.

 

As. B. Mottaeva (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Digital design as a factor in enhancing the efficiency of nuclear industry facility construction

The research applies methods of systematic and comparative analysis to assess the impact of digital design on the economic parameters of the construction of nuclear industry facilities. Data from design and engineering organizations were used, including reports from Rosatom State Corporation, as well as regulatory documents and international recommendations from the IAEA and the IEEE. A content analysis of the implementation of BIM technologies, digital twins and PLM systems is carried out using the example of implemented and pilot projects. The conducted research has confirmed that the integration of digital engineering into the construction of industrial facilities in the nuclear industry helps to reduce design and construction costs by 10–15 %, reduce implementation time by 20–25 %, reduce the number of errors and improvements, as well as improve the accuracy of planning and control. The use of BIM modeling, digital twins, and data integration at all stages of the facility's lifecycle ensures increased management transparency, reduced risks, and sustainable project quality. The results of the article's research confirm the high economic efficiency of digital design in the construction of industrial facilities in the nuclear industry. The data obtained are consistent with Russian and foreign studies, showing that the consistent introduction of digital technologies (BIM, IoT, artificial intelligence and digital twins) provides significant cost reductions, construction time and increases overall productivity. 
Keywords: digitalization; digital design; economic efficiency; building information modeling (BIM); digital twins; artificial intelligence; Internet of Things (IoT); labor productivity; cost reduction; time reduction; technological integration.

 

O. V. Panina (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Evolution of industrial policy instruments under conditions of technological sovereignty, digitalization, and disruption of global production chains

The article is devoted to the analysis of the evolution of industrial policy instruments under the simultaneous influence of three key challenges: the pursuit of technological sovereignty, the accelerated digital transformation of industry, and the disruption of global production chains. The aim of the study is to identify which combinations of state support measures and corporate strategies ensure the greatest resilience and efficiency of industrial enterprises in the new geoeconomic environment. The empirical base covers statistics from Rosstat, the Bank of Russia, sectoral ministries, customs and tax authorities, as well as data from 1,245 industrial enterprises for 2018–2024, supplemented by international sectoral analytics and a corpus of strategic documents. Methodologically, the research relies on multifactor panel econometric modeling, calculation of integral indices of technological sovereignty and digital maturity, cluster analysis of regions and industries, scenario modeling, and content analysis of unstructured data. The obtained results show that the growth of investments in digitalization and import substitution does not automatically lead to higher profitability: in capital-intensive industries, the effect is delayed and accompanied by a temporary decline in margins, while in high-tech and «short» production chains, digital investments are converted into EBITDA growth more rapidly. It is established that state support instruments with strict reciprocal obligations (offset contracts, cluster mechanisms) generate a higher fiscal multiplier and private investment leverage compared to soft subsidies and grants. It is shown that the shift from a «just-in-time» to a «just-in-case» logic leads to an extension of the operating cycle and an increase in logistics costs; however, the parallel growth of the technological independence ratio indicates the formation of a new model of resilience. The analysis of workforce parameters reveals a persistent outpacing of wage growth over labor productivity and an increasing shortage of STEM personnel, which turns human capital into the main constraint on technological sovereignty. The study concludes that it is necessary to move from blanket subsidization to a project-cluster model of «smart protectionism», linking support to digital transformation, R&D localization, and the development of engineering competencies, as well as to shift the focus from simple import substitution to the advanced development of national technological chains.
Keywords: industrial policy; technological sovereignty; digital transformation; disruption of global production chains; state support instruments.

 

A. I. Galkin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Industrial data management and standardization of digital platforms as a factor in improving the efficiency of value chains

The article is devoted to a quantitative assessment of how industrial data management and the standardization of digital platforms affect the efficiency of value chains and operational performance of industrial enterprises under conditions of accelerated digital transformation and increasing data volumes. The purpose of the study is an empirical test of the hypothesis on the presence of a nonlinear effect of increasing digital systems interoperability on transaction costs, personnel productivity, supply chain indicators, and investment attractiveness of digital projects. The empirical base consists of depersonalized financial and management reporting data from 1,245 companies in the engineering, energy, chemical, and logistics industries in North America, the EU, and the Asia-Pacific region for 2018–2023, supplemented by industry and macroeconomic statistics; the methods applied include an integral interoperability index, econometric modeling of panel data with fixed effects and instrumental variables, TCO and DCF methods, cluster analysis, graph theory, and NLP analysis of corporate reporting. The results show that the transition from «patchwork automation» to a unified data ecosystem reduces integration costs in the IT budget by almost four times, ensures a multiple decrease in unplanned downtime, an increase in operating margin, and more than a twofold increase in output per employee; the platform-based supply chain management model provides a significant reduction in inventory turnover, logistics costs, and cash conversion cycle while sharply increasing demand forecasting accuracy. A comparison of on-premise, cloud, and hybrid solutions demonstrates the highest ROI and NPV index for cloud ecosystem platforms, where payback is achieved twice as fast and each invested dollar generates up to four dollars of net present value; when more than 40 % of key counterparties are connected, a pronounced network effect emerges. It is concluded that the standardization of industrial data and open interfaces should be considered a strategic factor of competitiveness, requiring companies to prioritize ecosystem cloud solutions, and regulators to develop industry standards and a regulatory environment that promotes interoperability and reliable data protection.
Keywords: industrial data management; standardization of digital platforms; interoperability; value chains; operational efficiency.

 

N. L. Krasyukova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Evolution of industrial policy under technological sovereignty and global fragmentation of value-added chains

In the context of geoeconomic fragmentation and the “weaponization” of cross-border economic relations, the traditional paradigm of industrial policy focused on cost minimization within the Just-in-Time model faces systemic constraints associated with increasing uncertainty and disruptions in technological chains. The objective of the article is to analyze the evolution of industrial policy in the context of the transition to the model of technological sovereignty and Just-in-Case, as well as to quantitatively assess the influence of structural parameters of value-added chains on the resilience of industrial enterprises. The empirical basis of the study consists of a panel dataset on 485 large industrial companies for 2018–2024, including IFRS financial statements, ESG reports, and Bloomberg and Refinitiv databases, supplemented by macroeconomic statistics from international organizations. The methodological framework includes econometric modeling (VAR models), network analysis of supply chains based on graph theory, calculation of a modified Herfindahl-Hirschman index, Monte Carlo simulation modeling with operational VaR assessment, as well as content analysis and NLP methods for processing textual risk descriptions. It is shown that export-oriented clusters demonstrate a disproportionate increase in logistics costs and EBITDA volatility compared to locally oriented ones, whereas high supplier concentration and low component localization statistically significantly increase the frequency of production disruptions and the recovery time of value chains. Investments in industrial safety and supply diversification create a positive «resilience premium»: increasing CAPEX for safety up to 3–4 % of revenue is accompanied by a multiple reduction of VaR and an increase in ROIR, while the transition from JIT to JIC leads to lengthening of the financial cycle and an increase in the need for working capital. The conclusion is drawn that the target function of industrial policy is shifting from cost minimization to maximum loss minimization, and that it is necessary to integrate localization tools, supply chain diversification, and comprehensive risk management into the strategy for ensuring technological sovereignty.
Keywords: industrial policy; technological sovereignty; value-added chains; risk management; industrial resilience.

 

O. V. Brizhak (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); A. Yu. Strizhak (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg); A. A. Merkulov (Moscow Regional Branch of RANEPA, Krasnogorsk); A. T. Dantas (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Import substitution in the era of sanctions: opportunities and limitations of modern economies

Import substitution is a key strategy for Russian economic development in the context of sanctions and limited access to foreign technologies and goods. A focus on developing domestic production helps reduce external dependence, increase economic security, strengthen technological sovereignty, and stimulate innovation. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of current import substitution processes in Russia, identifies its economic and technological potential, and outlines the key challenges facing domestic enterprises. It demonstrates the role of import substitution as an effective tool for minimizing the impact of external economic shocks. The study aims to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness and sustainability of import substitution strategies implemented at the national level. However, successful implementation of this process requires an integrated approach, consideration of global trends, and continuous improvement of both the technological base and institutional conditions. In this study, the authors utilized the potential of political-economic, systemic, empirical, and institutional methods of economic science.
Keywords: import substitution; production; competitiveness; innovation; technology; economy.

 

T. G. Popadyuk, N. A. Cherepovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow) D. Chaikovskii (Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China)

Comprehensive innovation management model for industrial enterprises under digital transformation and high turbulence in capital and labor markets

The contemporary economic environment is characterized by high volatility, uncertainty, and complexity (VUCA environment), imposing fundamentally new requirements on innovation management systems in industrial enterprises. This study aims to develop a comprehensive innovation management model integrating Industry 4.0 digital technologies with organizational resilience mechanisms under simultaneous turbulence in capital and labor markets. The theoretical framework comprises the dynamic capabilities concept, technology empowerment theory, and resource-based view. The empirical base includes panel data from 847 industrial enterprises in Russia and China for 2019–2025, processed using structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). Results demonstrate that digital transformation enhances organizational resilience through two key channels: improving adaptive capacity (β = 0,412; p < 0,001) and developing absorptive potential (β = 0,367; p < 0,001). Enterprises with high digital maturity levels demonstrate 34,7 % higher innovation performance relative to the control group when exposed to external shocks. The developed model includes five interconnected blocks: digital infrastructure, organizational learning, inter-organizational collaboration, agile response, and continuous improvement mechanisms.
Keywords: innovation management; digital transformation; organizational resilience; VUCA environment; dynamic capabilities; industrial enterprise; Industry 4.0.

 

O. V. Demyanova, R. M. Safiullin (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan)

Research of significant external factors in the development of the petrochemical industry of the Russian Federation

The article analyzes the current state of the petrochemical industry in the context of external restrictions, sanctions imposed by Western countries, and instability in the geopolitical situation. The object of the study is the petrochemical industry of Russia in the context of external restrictions. The subject of the study is the significant external factors affecting the development of the petrochemical industry in Russia. The PEST analysis method is used to assess the main threats that petrochemical enterprises may face (technological dependence on foreign suppliers, restrictions on access to international markets, and a lack of resources necessary for modernizing production facilities and building new enterprises), as well as to analyze the production dynamics of petrochemical enterprises for 2022–2025, which allowed us to identify the impact of external factors on the development of Russian petrochemical enterprises.
Keywords: petrochemical industry; economic security; import substitution; sanctions; investments; government support; technological sovereignty.

 

O. V. Panina (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Import substitution and export diversification strategies as complementary directions of industrial policy under external constraints and sanctions

The article is devoted to the justification of import substitution and export diversification strategies as complementary directions of industrial policy under conditions of sanctions and geo-economic fragmentation. The purpose of the study is to identify the degree of synergy between the depth of production localization and the level of geographical and currency diversification of exports, as well as to assess the budgetary and corporate efficiency of «mono-» and «dual» models of industrial enterprise development. The empirical base includes statistics from Rosstat, the Bank of Russia, the Federal Customs Service, data from 480 systemically important enterprises in mechanical engineering, chemical industry, and metallurgy for the period 2018–2024, as well as a set of regulatory legal acts and materials from development institutions. Methodologically, input–output matrices are used to assess import dependence, Gatev’s structural change index, a modified Herfindahl–Hirschman index to analyze the concentration of export markets, panel regression with ROA as the dependent variable, cluster analysis of regions and industries, and scenario modeling of industrial development trajectories. The results show a significant decrease in import dependence coefficients in machine tool building, pharmaceuticals, and radio electronics, accompanied by an increase in physical output, indicating qualitative rather than statistical import substitution. A V-shaped dynamic of export flow concentration was revealed, characterized by an initial increase in dependence on a limited number of markets, followed by the strengthening of positions in the countries of the Global South and the Asia-Pacific region, along with a sharp rise in the share of settlements in national currencies. Comparative analysis shows that enterprises implementing a «dual» strategy (import substitution plus export) achieve significantly higher revenue, tax returns, R&D expenditure shares, and fixed asset renewal rates per unit of state support compared to «mono-oriented» companies. It is concluded that industrial policy should be reoriented from broad subsidization toward selective support of export-active import-substituting industries and that the focus should shift from quantitative indicators of domestic product shares to metrics of technological complexity, innovation activity, and participation in new Eurasian value chains.
Keywords: import substitution; export diversification; industrial policy; technological sovereignty; budgetary efficiency.

 

N. L. Krasyukova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Efficiency of cluster policy and industrial parks in shaping regional innovation ecosystems and high‑performance employment

The article analyzes the efficiency of cluster policy and industrial parks as instruments for shaping regional innovation ecosystems and high‑performance employment in Russian regions. The purpose of the study is to identify the determinants of the effectiveness of public and private investments in industrial parks, technology parks, and industrial clusters, as well as to assess their impact on labor productivity, job quality, and fiscal returns. The empirical basis consists of a panel dataset of more than 12.5 thousand observations across 75 regions of the Russian Federation for the period 2018–2024, compiled from Rosstat, the Federal Tax Service, industry registries of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, and microdata of resident enterprises. The methodological approach relies on the application of DEA technical efficiency analysis, panel regression models with fixed and spatial effects, the structural shift method for decomposing the dynamics of high‑performance jobs and productivity, and scenario modeling of fiscal effects using the NPV indicator and the Monte Carlo method. The results reveal a significant differentiation among types of sites: brownfield projects provide higher specific revenue and investment leverage compared to greenfield projects, while technology parks generate the highest revenue, tax multiplier, and EBITDA per hectare. In regions with an active cluster policy, the growth rate of high‑performance jobs is several times higher than in inert territories, and the qualification premium is accompanied by sustainable growth in labor productivity. At the same time, fiscal imbalances between the federal and regional budgets and notable inter‑industry differences in innovation performance are identified: only high‑tech clusters reach the threshold level of R&D expenditures that ensures exponential growth in the share of innovative products. The practical significance of the study lies in developing approaches to differentiate support measures and select cluster projects that strengthen the synergistic effect of combining infrastructure development, personnel policy, and R&D incentives, thereby enhancing the resilience of regional innovation ecosystems and the quality of employment.
Keywords: cluster policy; industrial parks; innovation ecosystem; high‑performance employment; regional development.

 

K. V. Kharchenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Ecosystem consulting as a tool for strategic development in the commercial and public sectors

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the methodology and directions of ecosystem consulting, which is carried out in order to achieve strategic development and improve the operational efficiency of organizations in both the commercial and public sectors. The study is based on the use of such methods as structural-functional analysis, analogy, abstraction, and theoretical modeling. It is shown that the need for ecosystem development in companies stems from the objective laws of the digital economy. In this context, ecosystem consulting is viewed as a tool for maintaining and increasing the competitiveness of businesses (for the government, it is about the demand for services and the satisfaction of citizens). The problem is that individual bright examples of ecosystem development by giant companies cannot always be considered as guidelines for other large corporations, let alone for small and medium-sized businesses. The article highlights the specifics of ecosystem consulting as a cross-cutting issue in relation to other types of management consulting, and formulates its principles. It proposes a sequence of steps within the framework of an audit of an existing ecosystem as an initial stage of consulting, which allows for further practical recommendations. The article emphasizes the roles of a consultant as an «architect», «orchestrator», and «facilitator» of ecosystem development, and outlines typical areas of activity. It also identifies barriers and risks, as well as positive effects, associated with the ecosystem development of organizations. The article concludes that ecosystem consulting plays a significant role in both corporate governance and the strategic development of industries and territories.
Keywords: digital ecosystem; ecosystem consulting; management consulting; digital economy; strategic development; customer journey; audit.

 

M. N. Zabaeva, O. B. Skripnik (Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography, Moscow)

Mechanisms for integrating lean manufacturing and agile approaches into the development and implementation of product and process innovations at mechanical engineering enterprises

The transformation of production systems at mechanical engineering enterprises in the context of the fourth industrial revolution requires the synchronization of lean manufacturing and agile approaches to accelerate innovation cycles. This study aims to identify organizational and economic mechanisms for integrating these paradigms in the development of product and process innovations. The methodological basis consists of systems analysis, expert assessment methods, structural modeling, and a comparative analysis of case studies of mechanical engineering companies. The empirical base covers data from 47 mechanical engineering enterprises for the period 2022–2025. The results demonstrate that the hybrid Lean-Agile model reduces time to market by 28–42 %, reduces operational losses by 18–35 %, and increases innovation activity by 23–31 % compared to enterprises using isolated methodologies. Critical factors for successful integration were identified: the formation of cross-functional teams, the implementation of digital twins for iterative prototyping, and the adaptation of the sprint structure to the specifics of long production cycles in mechanical engineering. It was established that the decoupling point in the integrated system determines the balance between resource efficiency and flexibility in responding to market changes. The practical significance lies in the development of an algorithm for the phased integration of methodologies, taking into account the maturity of the enterprise's production system.
Keywords: lean manufacturing; agile methodologies; mechanical engineering; product innovations; process innovations; lean system; Industry 4.0.

 

S. G. Eremin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Public procurement as an instrument of industrial development: localization, innovative contract specifications, and standardization of requirements

The article examines public procurement as an active instrument of industrial policy that influences the supply structure, production localization, and innovation activity, rather than merely serving as a mechanism for meeting the current needs of the budget sector. The purpose of the study is to provide a quantitative assessment of the impact of requirements standardization, innovative specifications, and localization criteria on price dynamics, investment activity, and industrial growth across sectors and regions. It is shown that an increase in the share of unified requirements leads to a reduction in price variation, an increase in the average discount rate, and a higher share of successfully executed contracts, while diminishing returns emerge beyond a certain standardization threshold. Innovative specifications based on functional characteristics and product lifecycle are statistically significantly associated with the growth of R&D investments, return on assets, and the technological renewal index, especially in high-tech sectors such as IT and pharmaceuticals. A positive elasticity of industrial output with respect to the level of localization is identified, as well as threshold values beyond which scale and clustering effects emerge, offsetting the initial decline in supplier margins. The comprehensive analysis demonstrates a synergistic effect from combining standardization, innovative specification, and localization, whereas isolated application of each instrument has a limited impact on structural transformation. The study concludes that a transition to a flexible procurement regulation model is necessary one focused on functional and lifecycle parameters, long-term contracts with reciprocal investment obligations, and differentiated localization requirements that take into account sectoral and regional specificities as a key condition for increasing the multiplier effect of public expenditures and fostering sustainable industrial growth.
Keywords: public procurement; industrial policy; standardization of requirements; production localization; innovative specifications.

 

I. V. Tolmacheva, N. S. Pisarevskaya, A. A. Tolmachev (Moscow International University, Moscow)

Assessment and analysis of the financial component of Russian mining equipment manufacturing enterprises

This article examines a current topic related to the financial management of a number of enterprises in the heavy industry. This article presents analytical data, which is used to formulate conclusions and identify specific problems and risks. Finally, the authors propose measures aimed at improving the effectiveness of financial management at heavy industry enterprises.
Keywords: financial results; liquidity; profitability; problems; financial risks; optimization measures.

 

M. P. Bondarenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow) 

Mechanisms for forming value propositions and managing R&D portfolios in the B2B industrial segment, taking into account demand uncertainty and technological risks

The transformation of industrial markets amid technological turbulence is driving the search for new approaches to developing customer value propositions (CVPs) and managing R&D portfolios. The objective of this study is to develop an integrated model for synchronizing CVPs with investment decision-making mechanisms in R&D portfolio management at B2B industrial enterprises. The methodology is based on a synthesis of the resonant focus concept, the adaptive Stage-Gate model, and real options. The empirical base includes data from 147 industrial enterprises in the mechanical engineering and chemical sectors for the period 2021–2025. Multivariate statistical analysis methods were applied, including clustering using the Ward criterion, correlation analysis, and regression modeling of technological risks. Key results demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between the degree of CVP decomposition at the stakeholder level and the effectiveness of R&D project selection (r = 0,67; p < 0,01). A nonlinear relationship between R&D investment intensity and industry demand volatility was identified, with a threshold variation coefficient of 0,34. A typology of CVP formation mechanisms is proposed, including four clusters: resource-optimizing, innovative partnerships, systems integration, and adaptive hybrid. The practical significance lies in the development of a diagnostic tool for assessing the alignment of CVP and R&D portfolios, tested on a sample of 28 companies. The results expand our understanding of mechanisms for reducing technological risk through the strategic positioning of value propositions.
Keywords: value proposition; B2B marketing; R&D portfolio; uncertainty management; technology risk; Stage-Gate; industrial sector. 

 

O. B. Skripnik (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow) 

Architecture of the corporate ecosystem of open innovations of an industrial enterprise and interaction with start-ups, universities and technology brokers

The transformation of industrial enterprise innovation models is driving a shift from closed R&D to distributed ecosystem architectures that integrate external partners into the value creation process. The concept of open innovation, which has been formulated since the early 2000s, is evolving from basic forms of two-way knowledge exchange to multi-level structures involving start-ups, research institutes, and specialized intermediaries. This study aims to develop an integrative model of the architecture of a corporate open innovation ecosystem that takes into account the role of technology brokers as a connecting element between heterogeneous participants. The methodological framework comprises systems analysis, a comparative institutional approach, and expert assessments using data on 372 corporations from 30 countries for the period 2022–2025. It is revealed that ecosystem effectiveness is determined by the configuration of five orchestration practices: strategic design, relational management, resource integration, technological convergence, and innovation coordination. Corporate venture capital investments account for 28% of deal flow, with a total volume of $65.9 billion in 2024, with 65% of transactions occurring in early-stage startups. It is established that intermediary organizations reduce cognitive and cost barriers for small firms, expanding the geographic scope of knowledge diffusion. The results are applicable to the development of corporate strategies for interacting with external sources of innovation in conditions of technological uncertainty.
Keywords: open innovation; innovation ecosystem; corporate venture capital; technology broker; technology transfer; university industry collaboration; ecosystem orchestration.

 

S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Spatial diffusion of technological innovations as a factor of economic security and reducing innovative inequality in regions

The study is devoted to identifying the determinants of the spatial diffusion of technological innovations and explaining innovation inequality among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is driven by the need to move from a narrow assessment of direct costs to accounting for the systemic effects of innovation-driven development. The empirical base includes comparable data from Rosstat and Rospatent and uses the HSE Russian Regional Innovation Index (RRII) as an integral dependent variable; as factors, we consider GRP and investment per capita, R&D intensity (% of GRP), patent activity, the share of the population with higher education, and a digitalization index. The methodology combines descriptive statistics, Pearson pairwise correlations, k-means cluster analysis, and multiple linear regression to assess the independent contribution of factors while controlling for multicollinearity. The results show a strong and statistically significant association of all factors with the RRII: the highest correlations are observed for the share of the population with higher education (r = 0,903), R&D intensity (r = 0,894), and digitalization (r = 0,857); the regression model demonstrates high explanatory power (R² = 0,874; F-statistic = 89,45; p < 0,001), with key predictors being human capital (B = 0,009; p < 0,001), R&D intensity (B = 0,085; p < 0,001), and the level of digitalization (B = 0,115; p = 0,002), whereas wealth and investment turn out to be statistically insignificant due to multicollinearity with «quality» determinants. The typology identifies four stable clusters of regions – «innovation leaders», «science and education centers», «industrial followers» and the «innovation periphery» – with fundamentally different absorptive capacity, which confirms the presence of a «backwardness trap» in the periphery and polarization into an innovative «core» and «periphery». Practical implications suggest a differentiated policy: for leaders – removal of regulatory barriers and scaling of innovations; for science centers – development of commercialization and transfer; for industrial regions – incentivizing the adoption of advanced technologies; for the periphery – long-term investments in education and basic digital infrastructure. Limitations are related to the absence of institutional variables; future research directions include spatial econometrics, longitudinal analysis, and case studies to deepen the understanding of causal mechanisms.
Keywords: spatial diffusion; innovation inequality; human capital; R&D; digitalization.

 

N. L. Udaltsova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Assessment of technological gaps and development of technological sovereignty roadmaps for critical production chains in industrialized regions

The transformation of global value chains under the influence of geopolitical turbulence and sanctions pressure actualizes the task of system diagnostics of technological gaps in critical industries. The research is aimed at developing methodological tools for assessing technological dependence and forming roadmaps for achieving sovereignty for key production chains in industrially developed regions of the Russian Federation. The methodology is based on a combination of Gap analysis of technological maturity, matrix assessment of the criticality of import dependence and scenario modeling of import substitution trajectories. The empirical base was compiled by Rosstat data, industry statistics from the Ministry of Industry and Trade, and the results of expert surveys of representatives of 47 industrial enterprises for the period 2022-2025. It was found that the maximum technological gaps are concentrated in the segments of microelectronics (88 % of import dependence on critical equipment), machine tool manufacturing (76 %) and specialized software (71 %). Spatial differentiation of technological potential is revealed: regions with a diversified industrial structure show a higher adaptability to the shocks of global supply chains. A three-level road mapping model has been developed that integrates tactical short-term stabilization measures (parallel imports, reverse engineering), medium-term localization projects (SPIC 2.0, offset contracts) and strategic initiatives to create its own technological base. The practical significance is determined by the possibility of using the proposed tools by regional governments and the corporate sector in the formation of technological development programs.
Keywords: technological sovereignty; technological gaps; critical production chains; import substitution; road mapping; industrial regions; digital transformation.

 

T. N. Sakulyeva, А. А. Minaev (State University of Management, Moscow)

The formation of the institutional architecture of creative industries in the Russian federation: between economic efficiency and value sovereignty

The article analyzes the institutional architecture of management. As a result of the analysis, a multi-level and interdepartmental model is developed. The formation of a specific «managerial and value» model for the development of CI in Russia, which presupposes an active role of the state not only as a regulator and investor but also as an arbiter of the cultural-semantic content of the creative product. Systemic contradictions and challenges of this model are identified, particularly the problems of statistical measurement, regional disparities, and the adaptation of support tools to the heterogeneous sectors of the CI.
Keywords: creative industries; institutional architecture; state cultural policy; value-oriented economy; regional development; register of creative industry entities; creative clusters.

 

T. V. Vashchenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Organizational competencies and dynamic capabilities as drivers of sustainable innovation development of industrial companies under global competition

The problem of forming sustainable competitive advantages for industrial enterprises becomes particularly acute during periods of intensifying technological shifts and increasing environmental uncertainty. This study aims to identify the mechanisms by which organizational competencies and dynamic capabilities influence the innovation performance of manufacturing sector companies. The methodological basis integrates the resource-based view, dynamic capabilities theory, and sustainable development concept. Empirical analysis is based on panel data from 247 industrial enterprises for the period 2020–2025 using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Results demonstrate statistically significant positive effects of sensing, seizing, and transforming capabilities on innovation performance indicators: β coefficients were 0,34, 0,42, and 0,29 respectively (p < 0,01). Organizational learning serves as a significant mediator linking competencies and performance. A nonlinear relationship between competency development level and innovation returns is established, indicating threshold effects in organizational capital accumulation.
Keywords: dynamic capabilities; organizational competencies; innovation development; industrial enterprises; competitiveness; resource-based view; sustainable development.

 

V. B. Frolova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The role of export-oriented innovations, production localization, and cooperation with small and medium-sized businesses in the formation of a new regional industrial policy and the growth of non-resource exports

This study aims to identify the mechanisms of interaction between export-oriented innovation processes, production localization, and cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses in the context of the transformation of regional industrial policy. The relevance of this issue stems from the need to diversify the export structure of Russian regions in the context of the reorientation of foreign trade flows and achieve the target growth of non-resource, non-energy exports by 66 % by 2030 compared to 2023 levels. The results demonstrate the emergence of a stable relationship between the level of production localization, the intensity of cooperation within industrial clusters, and the dynamics of a region's non-resource exports. It is found that SMEs account for up to 88 % of the physical volume of non-resource, non-energy exports, with the participation of more than 18,000 exporting companies. The effectiveness of a cluster approach to organizing export-oriented production has been proven: as of 2024, the Ministry of Industry and Trade's registry included 64 industrial clusters in 50 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, implementing 20 joint projects with a total investment of 24 billion rubles. Limitations of the existing exporter support model related to cross-border payments and logistics costs were identified. The practical significance of this study lies in its substantiation of areas for improving regional industrial policy, taking into account the imperatives of technological sovereignty and export market diversification.
Keywords: non-resource exports; production localization; industrial policy; small and medium-sized enterprises; industrial clusters; inter-firm cooperation; export diversification.

 

N. E. Lebedeva (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Technological sovereignty of the oil and gas sector under sanctions pressure

The article examines institutional and economic mechanisms for the formation of technological sovereignty of the Russian oil and gas engineering sector under conditions of increasing sanctions pressure and transformation of global technological chains. It is shown that restrictions on access to foreign technologies, equipment and software solutions have become an important factor in the structural transformation of the industry and stimulate the transition to a model of industrial development based on the localization of critical technologies, development of scientific and technological potential and digital transformation of production. The role of innovation and cooperation mechanisms in ensuring industrial sustainability is substantiated. The paper proposes a methodological approach to assessing technological sovereignty of oil and gas engineering based on the use of an integral technological autonomy index that takes into account the level of technology localization, R&D intensity, the degree of production digitalization and the stability of industrial cooperation chains. The results show that the development of technological potential of the industry largely depends on the effectiveness of state industrial policy aimed at supporting innovation activities of enterprises, developing industrial cooperation and implementing digital technologies. It is concluded that the formation of technological sovereignty of oil and gas engineering is a key condition for ensuring the sustainable development of the Russian fuel and energy complex and strengthening the competitiveness of national industry under external constraints.
Keywords: technological sovereignty, oil and gas engineering, sanctions risks, import substitution, mechanisms, innovative technologies, technological independence, development of domestic production.

 

An. B. Mottaeva (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Methodological approaches to sustainable industrial development of regions based on transregional cluster complexes

In the context of increasing spatial heterogeneity of socio-economic development, structural restructuring of industry and the growth of interregional competition, the search for methodological solutions aimed at ensuring sustainable industrial development of the regions is becoming particularly relevant. Limited local resources, fragmented production chains and asymmetry of institutional conditions reduce the effectiveness of traditional regional industrial policy mechanisms, which necessitates the formation of transregional cluster complexes as a tool for integrating industrial potential and increasing the sustainability of regional economies. The paper examines the theoretical foundations of cluster and spatial industrial development, analyzes the limitations of regional-local models of industrial specialization, and systematizes the key mechanisms of transregional clustering that ensure the sustainability of production, investment, and cooperative processes. The hypothesis of the study is that the formation of trans-regional cluster complexes makes it possible to increase the sustainability of industrial development of regions by expanding industrial cooperation, diversifying value chains and reducing the sensitivity of regional economies to external and internal shocks. The results of the study make it possible to form a conceptual model of the trans-regional cluster complex and identify tools for its institutional and economic support in the system of regional industrial policy. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using the findings in the development of industrial development programs for regions, the formation of interregional cluster initiatives and the adjustment of mechanisms of state support for industrial cooperation and spatial development. 
Keywords: sustainable industrial development; regional economy; trans-regional clusters; cluster policy; spatial development; interregional cooperation; industrial specialization; balanced regional development; industrial ecosystem.

 

M. P. Bondarenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Servitization and product-plus-service models as drivers of long-term loyalty among industrial enterprise corporate customers in the shift to an outcome-based economy

The transformation of the industrial sector from product-centric business models to service-oriented strategies is becoming systemic amid growing corporate customer demands for measurable results rather than asset ownership. This study aims to identify the mechanisms by which product-plus-service (PSS) models influence long-term loyalty among industrial B2B customers in the context of the emerging outcome-based economy. The results demonstrate that advanced service offerings, including outcome-based contracts and subscription models, increase customer retention by 23–31 % compared to basic product-oriented models. Digital servitization, supported by IoT and predictive analytics technologies, is found to create sustainable loyalty cycles through personalized service interactions and proactive customer success management. A nonlinear relationship between the level of servitization and financial performance is identified: the transition to pay-for-performance models requires a critical mass of digital competencies and a restructuring of organizational routines in customer-facing departments. The practical significance of this study lies in the substantiation of a roadmap for servitization transformation for industrial enterprises focused on strengthening long-term partnerships with corporate customers.
Keywords: servitization; product-service systems; B2B loyalty; performance economics; digital transformation; subscription models; outcome-based contracts.

 

N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Technological roadmapping and corporate foresight as tools for economic security and product line renewal in industry

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of methodological approaches to integrating technological roadmapping and corporate foresight into the strategic innovation management system of industrial enterprises. The relevance of this study is determined by the increasing turbulence of the external environment: the average digital maturity index of manufacturing companies is 2.4 out of 6 points, while 79 % of executives recognize the critical importance of product development management, only 12% of organizations have mature processes for its implementation. An integrated methodological model is being developed that combines roadmapping and foresight tools to formulate adaptive innovation development paths. The results demonstrate that the integrated approach increases the likelihood of achieving product goals by 2.9 times compared to the isolated use of individual tools. Five critical success factors were identified: strategic alignment, process iteration, stakeholder engagement, uncertainty visualization, and feedback mechanisms. A three-level roadmap architecture is proposed, including action horizons, mapping horizons, and strategic vision horizons. The practical significance of the model lies in its applicability to substantiate investment decisions in the face of technological uncertainty.
Keywords: technological roadmapping; corporate foresight; innovative development; product portfolio; strategic planning; Industry 4.0; scenario modeling.

 

M. M. Imamov, N. B. Semenikhina (Kazan Federal University, Kazan)

Models of cluster development and interfirm cooperation as catalysts for the adoption of breakthrough technologies in regional manufacturing

The transformation of regional industrial systems under the influence of digitalization and disruptive technologies has necessitated the study of mechanisms for the collective adoption of innovations. This study aims to identify structural models of cluster development that facilitate the accelerated diffusion of advanced technologies in regional manufacturing. The theoretical and methodological framework is based on the concept of the Quadruple Helix of Innovation, complemented by the principles of knowledge spillover and network interaction theory. The empirical base covers data from industrial clusters in five regions for the period 2019–2025, processed using cluster analysis, structural modeling, and a comparative case study. It has been established that the intensity of interfirm cooperation exhibits a nonlinear relationship with the pace of technological modernization: the optimum is achieved when 35–45% of cluster participants are involved in joint R&D projects. Three basic models of cluster organization are identified, differing in knowledge transfer efficiency by 27–43 % based on the innovation commercialization rate criterion. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of research and educational institutions in cluster governing bodies increases the patenting activity of residents by 58 % compared to clusters without institutional university participation. The results expand theoretical understanding of the role of organizational forms in the technological renewal of regional production systems and offer practical recommendations for regional authorities on optimizing cluster policy in the context of technological transition.
Keywords: industrial clusters; interfirm cooperation; breakthrough technologies; regional development; knowledge transfer; quadruple helix; digital transformation.

 

M. P. Lazarev (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Knowledge management and organizational absorptive capacity development for accelerating innovation diffusion in multi-branch industrial structures

This article examines the mechanisms underlying absorptive capacity in multi-branch industrial structures and its impact on the rate of innovation diffusion between organizational units. The relevance of this research is driven by the increasing role of intra-corporate knowledge transfer in the face of technological turbulence and the need to synchronize innovation processes across geographically distributed divisions. The article explores organizational factors that determine the rate of innovation diffusion in networked industrial structures through the lens of absorptive capacity. A four-component model of absorptive capacity, including the ability to acquire, assimilate, transform, and exploit external knowledge, is empirically verified. A nonlinear relationship is found between the level of potential absorptive capacity of branches and the rate of innovation adoption from the parent organization. It is established that horizontal inter-branch knowledge transfer is more effective in the presence of formalized integration mechanisms and a well-developed communication infrastructure. The practical significance of this study lies in the development of diagnostic tools for assessing the readiness of organizational units to adopt innovative solutions.
Keywords: absorptive capacity; knowledge management; innovation diffusion; multi-branch structures; knowledge transfer; organizational learning; industrial enterprises.

 

N. V. Meller, I. Yu. Nekrasova (Industrial University of Tyumen, Tyumen)

Formation of a KPI system to reduce industrial injuries in industrial enterprises

This article examines the issues of occupational injuries in manufacturing enterprises, analyses the main types of violations of labour safety regulations, and proposes practical recommendations for their elimination. Based on the collected data, a catalogue of observed hazardous practices has been developed, and an approach to establishing a system of key performance indicators (KPI) aimed at improving occupational safety has been proposed. The distinctive feature of the proposed methodology lies in its focus on continuous monitoring and assessment of indicators, as well as in the development of an incentive system for department managers who comply with safety standards. The study draws conclusions regarding the importance of increasing employee awareness and strengthening internal production inspections to reduce the number of injury incidents.
Keywords: occupational safety; occupational injuries; workplace safety; risk assessment; labour safety; key performance; performance management; injury prevention.

 

M. V. Polevaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Synergy between Lean Manufacturing and strategic HR as a factor in improving productivity, quality, and resilience of operational processes at mechanical engineering companies

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the integration of lean manufacturing and strategic human resource management (SHRM) mechanisms in the context of improving the operational efficiency of mechanical engineering companies. The relevance of this work is determined by the transformation of production systems in the context of the transition to Industry 4.0 and the need to develop human-centered work organization models. The synergistic effects of the combined application of lean manufacturing tools and strategic HR management practices for achieving sustainable competitive advantages are identified. The methodological framework includes a systems approach, a comparative analysis of cases from Russian and international mechanical engineering companies, and statistical analysis of production performance data for 2022–2025. The empirical base is comprised of the results of a survey of 47 mechanical engineering companies in the Central Federal District with a workforce of 250 to 3,000 employees. The results demonstrate that the integrated approach increases labor productivity by 18–34 %, reduces defect rates by 22–41 %, and shortens production cycle times by 15–28 %, while simultaneously increasing employee engagement by 0,12–0,19 points. Key organizational barriers to integration were identified: functional disunity between HR and production departments, a lack of cross-functional collaboration competencies, and low digital maturity of HR management systems. A conceptual model of "Lean-HR synergy" is proposed, integrating continuous improvement practices with human capital development systems. The practical significance of the results lies in the development of methodological recommendations for the development of integrated operational excellence systems for mechanical engineering enterprises.
Keywords: lean manufacturing; strategic HR management; operational excellence; mechanical engineering; labor productivity; human capital; Industry 4.0.

 

L. K. Babayan (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Industrial training as a factor in the development of the economic sector (using microelectronics as an example)

The economic development of industrial sectors directly depends on the quality and availability of qualified personnel. Microelectronics, as a high-tech industry, is a strategic sector for Russia, driving innovation in the defense industry, telecommunications, automotive manufacturing, and the digitalization of the economy. However, a shortage of specialists with competencies in integrated circuit design, nanotechnology, and systems programming is hindering the industry's growth. This article analyzes the methodological challenges of developing and implementing educational programs for training microelectronics personnel, considering it a key factor in the sustainable development of the industrial sector. Industrial training is a key factor in the development of microelectronics as a strategic sector of the Russian economy, where the methodological challenges of university educational programs require comprehensive analysis and optimization. The study includes a detailed assessment of training programs at leading universities.
Keywords: personnel training; secondar; higher education; industry; microelectronics; nanotechnology.

 

S. A. Polevoy (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

The impact of regional labor market volatility on project portfolio formation and resource management strategies at industrial enterprises given the engineering workforce shortage

This article examines the mechanisms by which regional labor market volatility influences the formation and management of industrial enterprise project portfolios amid a significant shortage of engineering and technical specialists. The relevance of this study stems from the systemic labor crisis in the Russian economy: according to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the labor supply ratio at enterprises in the fourth quarter of 2025 is 23,2 points, with the manufacturing industry demonstrating the greatest imbalance between labor supply and demand. Research by international organizations confirms the global nature of the problem: a shortage of qualified personnel is recognized as a key constraint on the implementation of project initiatives. An integrated methodology for adapting portfolio management to fluctuations in the regional labor market has been developed, minimizing the risk of project failure while maintaining strategic alignment with corporate goals. The methodology is based on a synthesis of the concept of dynamic organizational capabilities, resource dependence theory, and the principles of flexible project portfolio management. The empirical base includes statistical data from Rosstat, monitoring results from the HSE Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge (ISSEK), and HeadHunter industry research materials for 2023–2025. A nonlinear relationship between regional talent shortages and project portfolio success parameters is identified. A dynamic portfolio balancing model is proposed, taking into account predictive assessments of the availability of engineering competencies. The practical significance lies in the development of tools for preventive responses to talent risks in the strategic planning of industrial project activities.
Keywords: labor market volatility; project portfolio management; engineering talent shortage; resource planning; industrial enterprise; regional differentiation; talent risks.

 

M. V. Ryazantseva, A. O. Subocheva (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Value congruence and intra-organizational communication as determinants of staff motivation: an empirical analysis of Russian companies

The research is devoted to the study of the relationship between value congruence, the quality of intra-organizational communications and staff motivation in the context of the transformation of the Russian labor market. The empirical database covers 427 respondents from 34 organizations in the financial, manufacturing, and IT sectors; data collection was carried out between September and November 2025 through standardized questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The methodology is based on the integration of quantitative (regression analysis, structural modeling) and qualitative (content analysis) methods. The results demonstrate a statistically significant effect of the degree of correspondence between personal and corporate values on the level of internal motivation (β = 0,47; p < 0,001), and this relationship is partially mediated by the effectiveness of vertical communications. It is revealed that organizations with a high value consistency index demonstrate 23 % lower staff turnover and 31 % higher engagement rates. The moderating role of generational differences is established: for representatives of generation Z, the semantic component of work activity has a 1,8 times more pronounced effect on motivation compared to older age cohorts. The practical significance lies in the development of diagnostic tools for assessing value compatibility at the recruiting stage and a model of an integrated communication strategy that takes into account the multifactorial nature of motivational processes.
Keywords: staff motivation; value congruence; corporate culture; internal communications; engagement; organizational behavior; personnel management.

 

S. A. Tronin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow) 

Green modernization and ESG practices as tools for economic security, competitiveness and investment sustainability of industrial enterprises in the region

The transformation of the industrial sector under the influence of environmental requirements and sustainable development principles is renewing the study of mechanisms for integrating ESG practices into the strategic management of enterprises. The global ESG investment market, which reaches $29,86 trillion in 2024, is demonstrating a steady growth trend, projected to reach $167,49 trillion by 2034, indicating a fundamental shift in investment priorities toward environmentally responsible business. The aim of the study is to identify and systematize the factors influencing green modernization and ESG standards on the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of industrial enterprises in Russian regions. The methodological basis includes a comparative analysis, statistical processing of corporate ESG reporting data, and a content analysis of strategic documents of industrial companies for the period 2021–2025. The empirical base is formed by data from ESG rankings by RAEX, NRA, and NKR, covering 144 Russian companies, as well as non-financial reporting materials from enterprises in the metallurgical, chemical, and mechanical engineering industries. The results demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between the level of ESG rating and investment attractiveness indicators: enterprises with an A rating attract, on average, 23 % more investment resources compared to companies without an ESG assessment. Regional differentiation in the effectiveness of green modernization was revealed: in the industrial centers of the Urals and Siberia, the rates of implementation of best available technologies exceed the Russian average by 18–27 %. Key barriers to the ESG transformation of industry are identified: a shortage of green financing, a lack of unified verification standards, and insufficient digitalization of environmental monitoring. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for the development of regional mechanisms to stimulate the ESG transition of industrial enterprises.
Keywords: ESG practices; green modernization; investment attractiveness; competitiveness of industrial enterprises; sustainable development; regional industrial policy; best available technologies.

 

V. G. Starovoitov, N. A. Mislavskaya, D. E. Morkovkin, G. I. Alexeeva, T. V. Petrusevich, G. I. Aleeva (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); Sh. U. Niyazbekova (Moscow Witte University; Research and Education Center «Sustainable development», Moscow)

Ecosystem approach to managing the sustainable development of industrial complexes based on the integration of innovative technologies and organizational transformations

Modern industrial complexes operate in conditions of increasing uncertainty of the external environment, requiring a radical rethinking of traditional approaches to ensuring sustainable development through the integration of innovative technologies and organizational transformations. The study is aimed at developing an integrated theoretical and methodological concept of sustainable development of industrial complexes in the context of the fourth industrial revolution and the formation of a closed-loop economy. The key patterns of integrating innovative technologies into industrial complexes were identified: digital technologies ensure an increase in resource efficiency by 15–30 %, the introduction of circular economy principles reduces the material intensity of production by 20–40 %, and the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the management of production processes increases energy efficiency by 25–35 %. It is found that organizational transformations based on the principles of adaptive management and self-organizing teams create synergistic effects with technological innovations, providing a multiplier effect on sustainable development indicators. A conceptual model of integrated management of sustainable development of industrial complexes has been developed, including four interconnected contours: technological, organizational, environmental, and socio-economic. The need for the formation of adaptive organizational architectures capable of continuous reconfiguration in response to changes in the technological and institutional environment has been substantiated. The principles of building an ecosystem approach to industrial complex management, integrating strategies of technological development, organizational design and environmental management within the framework of the sustainable development paradigm, are defined. 
Keywords: sustainable development; industrial complexes; innovative technologies; organizational transformations; circular economy; digital transformation; ecosystem approach; dynamic capabilities; resource efficiency; synergistic effects; environmental management.

 

M. A. Kicha (International Academy of Ecology and Life Protection Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia); S. V. Sarkisov (Military Academy of Logistics named after General of the Army A.V. Khrulev, St. Petersburg, Russia); V. S. Mikhailenko (Kuznetsov Naval Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia)

A comparative analysis of the application technology, installation time and maintainability of various types of thermal insulation

This article presents a comparative analysis of the processability of thermal insulation made from basalt fiber, foamed rubber, and liquid ceramic coatings based on microspheres filled with vacuum. The results indicate that until further developments are made to improve the composition, manufacturing technology, and application of liquid thermal insulation, traditional materials retain the advantage in terms of processability.
Keywords: Thermal insulation; basalt fiber; foamed rubber; liquid thermal insulation; ceramic thermal insulation; manufacturability.

 

S. G. Eremin (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow); O. V.

Arashkevich (Francisk Skorina Gomel State University, Gomel, Belarus)
Export-oriented industrialization under balance-of-payments constraints and the role of industrial lending in ensuring macroeconomic stability

The paper examines the relationship between export-oriented industrialization, balance-of-payments constraints, and industrial lending, as well as the role of the banking system in ensuring macroeconomic stability in emerging market economies. The aim of the study is to quantitatively assess the extent to which the volume and structure of industrial lending can mitigate «Thirlwall’s law» and alleviate external growth constraints through the expansion of high-tech exports. The empirical base consists of panel data for 2012–2023 for 12 upper-middle-income countries with developed manufacturing industries (over 4500 observations), including indicators of industrial lending, export structure by technological intensity, REER, current account balance, and gross fixed capital formation. The methodology relies on VAR modeling and the Johansen test to identify long-term relationships, panel models with fixed effects, the dynamic Arellano–Bond GMM to address endogeneity, log-linear regressions of export and import elasticities, impulse response functions, as well as k-means clustering and an integrated index of credit availability. The results show that in the cluster of countries with active industrial policy and targeted financing of non-resource exports, export elasticity with respect to credit is nearly twice as high, the import component of exports is lower, and exchange rate volatility is significantly smaller than in economies with neutral or resource-based models, while the trade balance is comparable or higher. Firm-level analysis identifies a J-curve of the investment cycle: in the initial phase, high Net Debt/EBITDA ratios and default risk are offset in the maturity phase by a significant excess of ROIC over the cost of capital and the formation of positive economic value added. Macroeconomic analysis of impulse responses reveals that a positive export revenue shock in the long term offsets the inflationary effects of credit expansion, provided that loans are directed to mechanical engineering and complex manufacturing sectors with high multipliers. A «growth solvency» condition is formulated, linking productivity growth rates in the export sector, the real interest rate, and the import share, and it is shown that this condition is satisfied only in countries with selective industrial credit policy. The discussion of the results leads to the conclusion that there is a need to shift from passive inflation targeting to a regime of coordination between monetary and industrial policies, to develop institutions for long-term targeted lending, risk-sharing mechanisms, and selective regulation aimed at supporting high-tech exports as a key factor of macroeconomic resilience.
Keywords: export-oriented industrialization; balance of payments; industrial lending; macroeconomic stability; industrial policy.

 

А. V. Semenov (Witte Moscow University, Moscow), Sh. U. Niyazbekova (Moscow Witte University; Scientific and Educational Center «Sustainable Development», Moscow); D. D. Burkaltseva, O. G. Blazevich (V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol), E. P. Petukhova, G. T. Omarova (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

The key role of rare-earth metals: financing mechanisms for projects, investment needs, and state-guaranteed loans

The relevance of the chosen research topic. The financing of rare-earth metal projects (REMs) is actively developing in the world through government programs, subsidies, and special contracts, with a focus on technological sovereignty and exports. Given the interest in REM lending and sustainable banking, mechanisms such as SPICs and development bank programs are crucial. The study highlights the expansion of research and development in the field of rare-earth metal extraction and separation technologies, as well as the accumulation of domestic expertise. The experiments of Australia, Kazakhstan, Canada, China, Russia, and Japan in the field of rare-earth metals are presented. Technical and economic problems in creating a competitive rare-earth metal mining industry have been identified. 
Keywords: financing of rare-earth metal projects; bank capital; investment project; technological sovereignty; sustainable rare-earth metal supply chain.

 

A. L. Kudryashov (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Public-Private partnership mechanisms and incentive measures for implementing technological development and import substitution programs at regional industrial enterprises

The transformation of Russian economic policy in the context of foreign economic restrictions has highlighted the search for effective instruments for financing regional industrial development. Public-private partnerships serve as an institutional mechanism that ensures synergy between budgetary and private investment in the implementation of technological sovereignty projects. This paper systematizes PPP mechanisms and government incentive measures used for the technological modernization of industrial enterprises at the regional level, and assesses their effectiveness in the context of import substitution. It has been established that the volume of private investment in PPP projects in 2024 will reach 1,6 trillion rubles, with the share of extra-budgetary funds at 65%. Special investment contracts (SPIC 2.0) have demonstrated effectiveness in mechanical engineering, pharmaceuticals, and the chemical industry. The results are applicable for formulating regional industrial development strategies and adjusting federal support programs.
Keywords: public-private partnership; import substitution; technological sovereignty; special investment contract; industrial policy; regional development; government support measures.

 

N. V. Kuchkovskaya (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)  

Import independence and technological sovereignty as the basis for economic security of industry: localization of critical digital solutions and development of regional competence centers

The relevance of this study stems from the need to develop a sustainable national technological base in the face of unprecedented sanctions pressure and the transformation of global digital supply chains. The paper systematizes mechanisms for achieving import independence in the industrial sector through the localization of critical digital solutions and the institutionalization of regional competence centers. Uneven digital maturity across regions is revealed: the industrial sector demonstrates a 31 % adoption rate of domestic infrastructure solutions, while the banking sector reaches 75 %. The feasibility of integrating industrial competence centers with educational institutions based on the «developer-school-university-enterprise» model is substantiated. The practical significance lies in the development of recommendations for accelerating the migration of critical information infrastructure entities to domestic digital platforms.
Keywords: technological sovereignty; import substitution; software localization; critical information infrastructure; regional competence centers; digital transformation of industry.

 

A. S. Rodionov, V. G. Borulco, D. A. Izvekov, T. M. Khidirlyasov, A. G. Zelskiy (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Integration of hybrid project management methodologies into organizational systems: success determinants in digital transformation

The article investigates the integration processes of hybrid project management methodologies into organizational systems of enterprises undergoing digital transformation. The research relevance stems from increasing environmental volatility and the necessity to balance predictability of traditional approaches with adaptability of agile methods. The study aims to identify key success factors for hybrid methodology integration and develop an organizational systems maturity assessment model. The methodological framework comprises comparative analysis, structural-functional method, and correlation-regression analysis of data from 87 organizations across various economic sectors. The empirical basis includes survey results from project office directors and top managers collected during 2023–2025. Research findings demonstrate that hybrid methodology implementation success is determined by a configuration of five interrelated determinants: leadership support, digital infrastructure maturity, personnel competency potential, organizational culture, and structural flexibility. Organizations with maturity scores above 3,5 on a five-point scale achieve operational improvements of 30–47 %. The scientific novelty lies in developing the integrative «5D-Hybrid» model encompassing diagnosis, design, deployment, dynamic adaptation, and delivery of sustainable results.
Keywords: hybrid project management; organizational agility; digital transformation; Agile methodology; Waterfall; project management; organizational systems.

 

T. V. Vashchenko (Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow)

Investment attractiveness of the EAEU countries in the context of the formation of a common financial market: institutional determinants and integration effects

This paper analyzes the investment attractiveness of fi ve member states of the Eurasian Economic Union against the backdrop of the incomplete transition to a common fi nancial market. The issue is relevant not least because, while mutual FDI in the EAEU formally increased 2,2-fold in the fi rst nine months of 2023 compared to the same period in 2022, by mid-2024, accumulated mutual investment in the Eurasian region had fallen to $ 46,1 billion, and over 93 % of the outfl ow continues to be accounted for by a single country – Russia. International studies have documented that deep economic integration – for example, in the format of the EU single market – increases incoming FDI by 50–60 %, but the degree of fi nancial closeness between partners proves decisive. The purpose of this paper is to determine which institutional characteristics differentiate EAEU countries in terms of investment attractiveness and to quantify the effects of the formation of a common fi nancial market. The study’s methodological basis is a comparative institutional analysis,a gravity model of bilateral FDI fl ows and a panel regression (fi ve countries, 2015–2025). Data sources include Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) statistics, the 2024 EDB MMI database, the World Bank WGI indicators, and UNCTAD reporting. It is found that the rule of law, regulatory quality and the degree of harmonization of fi nancial legislation make the greatest contribution to attracting FDI. A one-standard-deviation reduction in fi nancial distance corresponds to a 19–27 % increase in bilateral investment. The practical value lies in ranking institutional reforms that canexpand the investment capacity of the EAEU space.
Keywords: foreign direct investment; Eurasian Economic Union; common fi nancial market; institutional quality; fi nancial integration; gravity model; investment attractiveness.