A. I. Kanareykin (Russian State University for Geological Prospecting (MGRI), Moscow)

Heat transfer in the rod for the case of the linear law of change of section

The article is devoted to the theoretical issues of heat transfer through a rod. The paper considers the case of a linear law of variation of the external heat transfer coefficient. At the same time, there are no heat sources in the rod. The process under consideration is stationary. The solution to the problem is given using the variable replacement method. The general solution is expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions of the first and second kind.
Keywords: core; heat transfer; thermal conductivity; cross section; variable replacement method; modified Bessel functions.

A. I. Kanareykin (Russian State University for Geological Prospecting (MGRI), Moscow)

The effect of the stress state of the parts on the parameters of the Weibull distribution

The article is devoted to assessing the strength of parts made of brittle materials based on a statistical criterion, which is a generalization of the Way-bull distribution. Weibull distributions are a probability distribution that is used to model data with increasing, decreasing, and constant failure rates. Using this distribution, Swedish engineer - mathematician Waloddy Weibull described the variation of the fatigue strength of steel, its elastic limit, the size of soot particles, etc. The effectiveness of this distribution has been confirmed by experimental studies. The paper presents the influence of the type of stress state on the values of the distribution parameters.
Keywords: strength; Weibull distribution; statistical series; probability distribution function.

A. M. Duzhev, V. A. Kostylev (BMSTU, Moscow)

A methodology for taking springback into account in developing sheet metal stamping processes for curved parts

Based on experimental data, a method for modeling the bending of thin sheet metal parts, taking springback into account up to a specified deformation force, is proposed using the finite element method in QForm software. The influence of punch radius and compression force on the forging size after unloading is studied. Recommendations for evaluating the results of applying the proposed method are provided.
Keywords: mechanical engineering; metal forming; bending; springback; QForm.

Yu. N. Loginov, G. V. Shimov, N. I. Bushueva (Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg)

Pushing a copper rod through a die as a preparatory stage of the drawing process

The article presents the results of numerical modeling of the process of forced pushing of a workpiece through a die, which is a preliminary operation before rod drawing. The characteristics of material influx during the workpiece pushing process are identified depending on the reduction value per pass, and the optimal reduction mode for this process is predicted. This study has practical implications for the development of process modes for processing copper and other non-ferrous metals.
Keywords: non-ferrous metallurgy; numerical modeling; stress-strain state; metal forming; copper rods.

I. Z. Sungatov, K. E. Khakimova, A. K. Nurmukhametova, D. R. Sungatova, E. V. Lilyaeva (Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev (Naberezhnye Chelny branch), Naberezhnye Chelny)

Application of artificial intelligence in the design of tools with helical chip flutes

The presented article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the characteristics of cutting tools with helical flutes, which largely determine their cutting performance and durability during operation. As the methodological basis, an integrated approach was employed, involving the parameterization of the tool’s structural elements using Microsoft Excel, followed by the construction of three-dimensional models in the Python programming language. This organization of the design process ensures the systematization of input data, a formalized transition from parametric description to geometric modeling, and enables a series of computational experiments to assess the influence of individual parameters on the overall geometry and functional characteristics of the tool. The use of this methodology contributes to a significant reduction in labor intensity and time costs at the development stage, provides higher accuracy of calculated data, and creates prerequisites for further integration of artificial intelligence methods into the tasks of automated cutting tool design.
Keywords: python; openpyxl; numpy; matplotlib; data visualization; 3d modeling; geometric characteristics; data processing; engineering analysis; calculation automation; artificial intelligence; machine learning; data analysis; tool parameter optimization.

O. V. Sharkov (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad); O. S. Vitrenko (Kaliningrad State Technical University, Kaliningrad)

Study of the influence of the type of forming tool on the error of the profile of involute teeth

The influence of the type of forming tool (worm cutter, cylindrical and hyperboloid knurler) on the accuracy of involute teeth was experimentally studied. According to the requirements of domestic and foreign standards, the profile error and tooth thickness deviation are accepted as criteria determining the accuracy class of gear wheels. It is shown that the use of hyperboloid knurling tools allows to reduce the error of the actual tooth profile from the theoretical one by 2–6 times, and the deviation of the tooth thickness by 33–53 %.
Keywords: hyperboloid knurling; accuracy class; profile error; thickness deviation; full-scale experiment; standard.

D. V. Shaburov, E. O. Sinitsyn, A. N. Bibin (PJSC Chelyabinsk Iron and Steel Works, Chelyabinsk); V. Yu. Sholom, A. N. Abramov, D. G. Tyulenev (JSC «KHTC UAI», Ufa)

The use of polymer quenching fluids in the heat treatment of railway rails

The article provides brief information about the technology of thermal hardening of hundred-meter rails used at PJSC Chelyabinsk Iron and Steel Works. The results of the organization of work with quenching polymer in the current rail production are presented. The cooling properties of the water-polymer quenching fluid «Rosoil-51» are discussed. Its use, in place of the imported equivalent «Feroquench WR» manufactured by «PETROFER Chemie GmbH+Co. KG» in Germany, ensures the required properties of finished products. Environmental safety and compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards in the workplace when using the water-polymer quenching fluid «Rosoil-51» are also addressed.
Keywords: railway rails; differentiated thermal hardening; water polymer quenching liquid; cooling characteristics; environmental cleanliness; safety data sheet; import substitution.

Ivantsov A. B., Sidorov A. A. (Ural Spring, Beloretsk); I. M. Petrov, S. A. Ulyanov (Beloretsk Branch of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Beloretsk)

Determining the rational geometric parameters of spring support coils and the marking area

This work examines the determination of the optimal area for applying identification information on the pre-stretched ends of spring support coils. The criteria for selecting the marking area are its minimal impact on the service life of the spring, as well as the integrity of the applied information. Using data from Ural Spring, a comparison of the fracture locations on spring coils was made depending on test conditions. It is shown that the results differ significantly for operational use, bench testing, and modeling. The resulting stress pattern and the characteristics of force transfer from the support along the length of the support coil are analyzed. Possible causes of support coil fracture before its transition to the working coil, as well as in the contact area between the end of the support coil and the working coil, are identified. Based on an analysis of the stress state and geometric parameters of the support coil, recommendations are formulated for selecting the area for applying identification information on the spring.
Keywords: spring; rod end tension; support coil; contact surface; stamp location; hot stamping; stamp imprint; stress intensity; fracture location; finite element method; cyclic durability.

I. N. Ganiev, Kh. O. Odinazoda, R. D. Ismonov (Tajik Technical University named after Academician M. S. Osimi, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan); A. M. Safarov (V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan)

The effect of thallium addition on corrosion resistance, heat capacity, and changes in thermodynamic functions of AlBe1 aluminum alloy

The results of a study examining the effect of thallium addition on the corrosion-electrochemical behavior, heat capacity, and changes in thermodynamic functions of AB1 (AlBe1) aluminum alloy are presented. It is shown that adding up to 0.5 wt.% thallium increases the anodic resistance of the original alloy in a NaCl electrolyte environment. In the «cooling» mode, using the known heat capacity of a reference sample of grade M00 copper, the temperature dependence of the heat capacity of AB1 aluminum alloy with thallium was determined. It is shown that with increasing temperature, the heat capacity, enthalpy, and entropy of the alloys increase, while the Gibbs free energy decreases. An increase in the heat capacity, enthalpy, and entropy of AB1 aluminum alloy with thallium addition was found. However, the Gibbs free energy decreases.
Keywords: AlBe1 aluminum alloy; thallium; corrosion; specific heat; enthalpy; entropy; Gibbs energy.